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\(VT=\dfrac{a^4}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{b^4}{ab+bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ac+bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(\)Ta có: \(a+b+c=0 \Rightarrow b+c=-a \Rightarrow (b+c)^2=(-a)^2 \Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2+2bc=a^2 \Leftrightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)
Tương tự: \(b^2-c^2-a^2=2ca;c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)
\(P=...=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
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Bổ đề \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\)
Ở đây ta c/m chiều thuận:
Với \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a+b=-c \Rightarrow (a+b)^3=(-c)^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab(a+b)=-c^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc(QED)\)
Nếu có 2 số đồng thời bằng 0 BĐT tương đương \(0\le\dfrac{3}{4}\) hiển nhiên đúng
Nếu ko có 2 số nào đồng thời bằng 0:
\(VT=\dfrac{bc}{a^2+b^2+a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{ca}{a^2+b^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{ab}{a^2+c^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(VT\le\dfrac{bc}{2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^2+c^2\right)}}+\dfrac{ca}{2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}+\dfrac{ab}{2\sqrt{\left(a^2+c^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\)
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}\right)=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(bc\le\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{bc}{a^2+1}\le\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4\left(a^2+1\right)}\) chứng minh tương tự với mấy cái còn lại ta dc \(\dfrac{bc}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2+1}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{c^2+1}\right]\) .Thay a^2 +b^2 +c^2 =1 vào vế phải ta dc\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{2b^2+c^2+a^2}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2c^2+a^2+b^2}\right]\)
áp dụng bunhiacopski dạng phân thức ta dc\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2+a^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{c^2+a^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2+b^2}\right]\) \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{c^2+a^2}+\dfrac{c^2+b^2}{c^2+b^2}\right]\) \(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1+1+1\right)=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
áp dụng bdt côsi \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{3}{b}\)
tuông tu \(\dfrac{b^2}{c^3}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{3}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{3}{a}\)
suy ra vt +\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
suy ra dpcm
dau = xay ra khi a=b=c
Từ bài toán này (mà bạn đã hỏi cách đây vài bữa):
cho a,b,c>0. Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\) - Hoc24
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\)
Do đó: \(VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}+\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{abc}}{a+b+c}\)
Lại có: \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}=3\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}=x\ge3\Rightarrow VT\ge x+\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{x}{9}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{8x}{9}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{9x}}+\dfrac{8}{9}.3=\dfrac{10}{3}\) (đpcm)
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}+\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}+1+\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}+1+\dfrac{c^3}{a^3}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^3}+1\ge3\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^3}\right)\ge3\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)-3\)
\(\ge2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)+3-3=2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^3}\ge\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\)
giả sử \(a>b>c>0\) thì ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-1\right)+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\left(\dfrac{b}{c}-1\right)+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\left(\dfrac{c}{a}-1\right)\ge2\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\left(\dfrac{c}{a}-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2a}{b}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^3}-\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge0\)
làm tương tự cho trường hợp \(c>b>a>0\) ; \(b>a>c\) và \(b>c>a\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(đpcm\right)\)
Tớ chưa học bđt Cauchy-Schwwarz và hệ quả AM-GM thì sao?
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^3}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^4}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{b^4}{ab+bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ac+bc}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)