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Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số dương, ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(a+c\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
Cần chứng minh : \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
hay \(8\left(a+b+c\right)^6\ge729abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Thật vậy, ta có : \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3\ge\left(3\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3=27abc\)
\(8\left(a+b+c\right)^3=\left(2\left(a+b+c\right)\right)^3=\left(a+b+b+c+a+c\right)^3\)
\(\ge\left(3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3=27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Nhân từng vế 2 bất đẳng thức trên, ta được đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c
Vậy ...
2. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số không âm, ta có :
\(B\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)\left(b^3+c^3+1\right)\left(a^3+c^3+1\right)}}\)
Ta có : \(a^3+b^3+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3}=3ab\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^3+b^3+1}\ge\sqrt{3ab}\)
Tương tự : ....
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)\left(b^3+c^3+1\right)\left(c^3+a^3+1\right)}\ge\sqrt{27a^2b^2c^2}=\sqrt{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{27}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy GTNN của B là \(3\sqrt{3}\)khi a = b = c = 1
bài 1
ÁP dụng AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(2c+a\right)}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{b}{3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3.\left(2c+a\right).b}{b\left(2c+a\right).27}}=a.\)
tương tự ta có:\(\frac{b^3}{c\left(2a+b\right)}+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{c}{3}\ge b,\frac{c^3}{a\left(2b+c\right)}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{a}{3}\ge c\)
công tất cả lại ta có:
\(P+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\ge a+b+c\)
Thay \(a+b+c=3\)vào ta được":
\(P+2\ge3\Leftrightarrow P\ge1\)
Vậy Min là \(1\)
dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có: \(P=\Sigma\dfrac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=\Sigma\dfrac{a^2\left(b+1\right)+ab-ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=\Sigma\left(a-\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(a+b+c\right)-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}=3-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{a\left(b+1\right)+b}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy \(\Rightarrow a\left(b+1\right)+b=ab+b+a\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge3-\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}}=3-\Sigma\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}}{3}\)
mà \(\sqrt[3]{ab}=\sqrt[3]{a.b.1}\le\dfrac{a+b+1}{3}\)
\(3-\Sigma\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}}{3}=3-\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ac}}{3}\ge3-\dfrac{\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{3}}{3}=3-1=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\) \(\Rightarrow MinP=2\) khi a = b = c =1
Lời giải khác:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(P=\frac{a^2(b+1)}{a+b+ab}+\frac{b^2(c+1)}{b+c+bc}+\frac{c^2(a+1)}{c+a+ac}\)\(=\frac{a^2}{\frac{a+b+ab}{b+1}}+\frac{b^2}{\frac{b+c+bc}{c+1}}+\frac{c^2}{\frac{c+a+ca}{a+1}}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{\frac{(a+1)(b+1)-1}{b+1}+\frac{(b+1)(c+1)-1}{c+1}+\frac{(c+1)(a+1)-1}{a+1}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\geq \frac{9}{a+b+c+3-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)}=\frac{9}{6-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq \frac{9}{a+1+b+1+c+1}=\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Do đó: \(6-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)\leq 6-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{9}{\frac{9}{2}}=2\)
Vậy P min là 2
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki, ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\right)^2\)
Mà \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}=\frac{a}{ab+a+abc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{abc+bc+b}=\frac{1}{b+1+bc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{1+bc+1}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(ab+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
ta có \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{bc+b+1}=1\)
đặt \(H=\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức bunhiacopxki ta có
\(H\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ac+c+1}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow H\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
hay \(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(P=\left[\left(2+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+1\right]\left[\left(2+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+1\right]\left[\left(2+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)+1\right]\)
\(\ge\left(6\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{4ab}}+1\right)\left(6\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{4bc}}+1\right)\left(6\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{4ca}}+1\right)\)
\(\ge\left[7\sqrt[7]{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{4ab}}\right)^6}\right]\left[7\sqrt[7]{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{4bc}}\right)^6}\right]\left[7\sqrt[7]{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{4ca}}\right)^6}\right]\)
\(=\left[7\sqrt[7]{\left(\frac{1}{4ab}\right)^2}\right]\left[7\sqrt[7]{\left(\frac{1}{4bc}\right)^2}\right]\left[7\sqrt[7]{\left(\frac{1}{4ca}\right)^2}\right]\)
\(=343\sqrt[7]{\left(\frac{1}{64\left(abc\right)^2}\right)^2}\ge343\sqrt[7]{\left(\frac{1}{64\left[\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}\right]^2}\right)^2}=343\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
P/s: Em chưa check lại đâu nha::D
Khúc cuối bài ban nãy là \(\ge343\) nha! Em đánh nhầm
Cách khác (em thử dùng Holder, mới học nên em không chắc lắm):
\(P\ge\left(3+\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}+\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\right)^3=\left(3+2\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\right)^3\ge\left(3+2\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left[\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}\right]}}\right)^3\ge343\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+bc\right)\left(b+ac\right)}{c+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(a^2+ab+ac+bc\right)\left(b^2+bc+ba+ac\right)}{c^2+ca+cb+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}=a+b\left(a,b,c>0;a+b+c=1\right)\)
Bạn làm tương tự nha
\(\Rightarrow P=a+b+c+a+b+c=2\left(a+b+c\right)=2\)
Áp dụng bđt cô si ta có:
\(\frac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a+b+ab}+\frac{a+b+ab}{b+1}\ge2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a+b+ab}\ge2a-\frac{a\left(b+1\right)+b}{b+1}=2a-a-\frac{b}{b+1}=a-\frac{b}{b+1}\)
Mặt khác:
\(\frac{b}{b+1}\le\frac{b+1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2\left(b+1\right)}{a+b+ab}\ge a-\left(\frac{b+1}{4}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{b^2\left(c+1\right)}{b+c+bc}\ge b-\left(\frac{c+1}{4}\right)\)
\(\frac{c^2\left(a+1\right)}{c+a+ca}\ge c-\left(\frac{a+1}{4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(\frac{a+1}{4}+\frac{b+1}{4}+\frac{c+1}{4}\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{4}\right)=3-\left(\frac{3+3}{4}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)Vậy GTNN của P=3/2
(Thấy sai sai chỗ nào đó mà ko biết chỗ nào, ae thấy thì chỉ nhá )
đoạn bạn dùng cô si ấy hình như bị sai do nếu a=b=c=1 thì sao lại a^2(b+1)/(a+b+ab)=(a+b+ab)/(b+1)