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\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+...+\frac{1}{9.9}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
\(A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự:\(A>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{4}{10}=\frac{2}{5}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{8}{9}>A>\frac{2}{5}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}>\dfrac{1}{2^2}>\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3},\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}>\dfrac{1}{3^2}>\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4},...,\dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}>\dfrac{1}{9^2}>\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}>\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}>\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\) \(\Rightarrow1-\dfrac{1}{9}>A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{9}>A>\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.9}\)
\(P< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(P=1-\dfrac{1}{9}=\dfrac{8}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow P< \dfrac{8}{9}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.9}\)
\(P>\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow P>\dfrac{2}{5}\)
Câu 1.8: Giải
*Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}>\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}>\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9.9}< \dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(A>\dfrac{2}{5}\) (1)
*Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9.9}< \dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(A< \dfrac{8}{9}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{5}< A< \dfrac{8}{9}\)
Lời giải:
$S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}$
$> \frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+....+\frac{1}{9.10}$
$=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}$
$=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{2}{5}(*)$
Lại có:
$S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}$
$< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{8.9}$
$=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}(**)$
Từ $(*); (**)$ ta có đpcm.
Ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+.................+\dfrac{1}{9^2}\)
Xét :
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
..................................
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}< \dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...............+\dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{9}=\dfrac{8}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{8}{9}\rightarrowđpcm\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Xét :
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}>\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^3}>\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
......................
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}>\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+.............+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{2}{5}\rightarrowđpcm\)\(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{9}>A>\dfrac{2}{5}\rightarrowđpcm\)
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