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\(n_{R_2O}=\dfrac{18,6}{2M_R+16}\left(mol\right);n_{RCl}=\dfrac{35,1}{M_R+35,5}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: R2O + 2HCl ---> 2RCl + H2O
Theo PT: \(2n_{R_2O}=n_{RCl}\)
=> \(\dfrac{2.18,6}{2M_R+16}=\dfrac{35,1}{M_R+35,5}\)
=> MR = 23 (g/mol)
=> R là Natri (Na)
=> Oxide là Na2O
\(R_2O+2HCl\rightarrow2RCl+H_2O\\ n_{Cl}=n_{HCl}=\dfrac{35,1-18,6}{71-16}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{oxit}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ M_{oxit}=\dfrac{18,6}{0,15}=124\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)=2M_R+M_O\\ \Leftrightarrow2M_R+16=124\\ \Leftrightarrow M_R=54\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
Em xem lại đề
Gọi CTHH cần tìm là XO2.
PT: \(XO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2XO_3+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{XO_2}=\dfrac{38,4}{M_X+32}\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2XO_3}=400.18,9\%=75,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Na_2XO_3}=\dfrac{75,6}{M_X+94}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{XO_2}=n_{Na_2XO_3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{38,4}{M_X+32}=\dfrac{75,6}{M_X+94}\Rightarrow M_A=32\left(g/mol\right)\)
→ X là S
Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là SO2.
Đặt kim loại cần tìm là R
\(n_R=\dfrac{13}{M_R}\left(mol\right);n_{RCl_2}=\dfrac{27,2}{M_R+71}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: R + 2HCl ---> RCl2 + H2
Theo PT: \(n_R=n_{RCl_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{13}{M_R}=\dfrac{27,2}{M_R+71}\Leftrightarrow M_R=65\left(g/mol\right)\)
Vậy R là kim loại kẽm
Bài 9 :
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
0,05--->0,1-------->0,05
a) \(C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
b) \(m_{CuCl2}=0,05.135=6,75\left(g\right)\)
c) \(C_{MCuCl2}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}0,5\left(M\right)\)
Câu 10 :
\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{3,6}{72}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)
0,05-->0,1------->0,05
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{10\%}100\%=36,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=3,6+36,5=40,1\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{40,1}.100\%=15,84\%\)
Bài 6:
\(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{21,4}{107}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
_______0,2________0,6______0,2 (mol)
a, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
b, \(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.162,5}{21,4+200}.100\%\approx14,68\%\)
Bài 7:
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.9,8\%=9,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)
______0,1______0,1_______0,1 (mol)
a, \(m_{ZnO}=0,1.81=8,1\left(g\right)\)
b, \(C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.161}{8,1+100}.100\%\approx14,89\%\)
\(MO+H_2SO_4->MSO_4+H_2O\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=100g\left(tự.chọn\right)\\ C\%_{sau}=\dfrac{11,8}{100}=\dfrac{\dfrac{100.0,1}{98}\left(M+96\right)}{\dfrac{100.0,1}{98}\left(M+16\right)+100}\\ M=24\left(Mg\right)\\ CT:MgO\)
\(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl2+H2O\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow\)HCl dư.Tính theo CaO
\(n_{CaCl2}=n_{CaO}=0,2\left(Mol\right)\)
\(m_{CaCl2}=0,2.111=22,2\left(g\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(n_{HCl}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,2 0,1
b) \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{CaO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{CaCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{CaCl2}=0,1.111=11,1\left(g\right)\)
d) \(C_{M_{CaCl2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Gọi CTHH của oxide là \(R_2O_y\)
\(n_R=\dfrac{8}{2R+16y}mol\\ n_{RCl_y}=\dfrac{13,5}{R+35,5y}mol\\ R_2O_y+2yHCl\rightarrow2RCl_y+yH_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_R=n_{RCl_y}:2\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{2R+16y}=\dfrac{13,5}{R+35,5y}:2\\ \Leftrightarrow R=32y\)
Với y = 2 thì R =64, Cu(TM)
Vậy CTHH oxide là CuO