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\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
a)\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,6 0,3
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,6}{0,4}=1,5M\)
b)\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,4 0,3 0,3
Sau phản ứng CuO dư và dư \(\left(0,4-0,3\right)\cdot80=8g\)
\(m_{rắn}=m_{Cu}=0,3\cdot64=19,2g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=2,5.0,2=0,5mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 < 0,5 ( mol )
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
Chất dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,4\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
\(C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
nFe = 5,6/56 = 0,1 mol
=>nH2 = 0,1 mol
=> VH2= 0,1*22,4= 2,24 lít
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,1-->0,2------------------>0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{15\%}=\dfrac{146}{3}\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2.......0.4.......................0.2\)
\(m_{Zn}=0.2\cdot65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.4\cdot36.5}{200}\cdot100\%=7.3\%\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(1..........1\)
\(0.3.........0.2\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.3}{1}>\dfrac{0.2}{1}\Rightarrow CuOdư\)
\(m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.3-0.2\right)\cdot64=6.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 1 0,5
\(V_{H_2}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2l\)
\(m_{HCl}=1\cdot36,5=36,5g\)
a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) mtăng = mFe - mH2
=> mH2 = 8,4 - 8,1 = 0,3 (mol)
=> \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
c) nHCl(pư) = 0,3 (mol)
`a)PTHH:`
`Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
`0,3` `0,6` `0,3` `0,3` `(mol)`
`n_[Fe]=[22,4]/56=0,4(mol)`
`n_[HCl]=0,3.2=0,6(mol)`
Ta có:`[0,4]/1 > [0,6]/2`
`=>Fe` dư
`b)m_[FeCl_2]=0,3.127=38,1(g)`
`c)m_[Fe(dư)]=(0,4-0,3).56=5,6(g)`
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Xét: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,6}{2}\) ( mol )
0,3 0,6 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,3.127=38,1\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,3\right).56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,15.127=19,05(g)\)
\(a) Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,1.136 = 13,6(gam)\\ b) n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 =2 ,24(lít)\\ c) n_{HCl} =2 n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3(gam)\ ; V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,5} = 0,4(lít)\)
Đề cho lượng 1 chất sao lại hỏi dư hay k