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PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Làm gộp các phần còn lại
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1mol\\n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot342=34,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sửa đề : 11.2 g sắt
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(0.2....0.2.................0.2\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.2\cdot152=30.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.05}=4\left(M\right)\)
`a)PTHH:`
`2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2`
`0,2` `0,6` `0,3` `(mol)`
`n_[Al]=[5,4]/27=0,2(mol)`
`b)V_[H_2]=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)`
`c)m_[dd HCl]=[0,6.36,5]/10 . 100 =219(g)`
a) PTHH : \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=C_MV=1,2\cdot0,5=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,6 0,6 0,6
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}M_{FeSO_4}=0,6\cdot152=91,2\left(g\right)\)
c) Từ câu b \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,6\cdot22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
d) PTHH : \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,6 0,6
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=n_{Cu}M_{Cu}=0,6\cdot64=38,4\left(g\right)\)
a)\(PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}FeSO_4+H_2\)
b)Đổi 500ml = 0,5l
Số mol của H2SO4 là:
\(C_{MH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{V_{H_2SO_{\text{4 }}}}\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=C_{MH_2SO_4}.V_{H_2SO_4}=1,2.0,5=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}FeSO_4+H_2\)
Tỉ lệ : 1 1 1 1 (mol)
Số mol : 0,6 0,6 0,6 0,6(mol)
Khối lượng sắt(II)sunfat thu được là:
\(m_{FeSO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}.M_{FeSO_{\text{4 }}}=0,6.152=91,2\left(g\right)\)
c) Thể tích khí H2 thoát ra là:
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
d)\(PTHH:CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^0}Cu+H_2O\)
tỉ lệ :1 1 1 1 (mol)
số mol :0,6 0,6 0,6 0,6 (mol)
Khối lượng CuO điều chế được là:
\(m_{CuO}=n_{CuO}.M_{CuO}=0,6.80=48\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow2Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05}{2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,025=8,55\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{H_2SO_4}=0,075.98=7,35\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,05 0,075 0,025 0,075
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,025\cdot342=8,55g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,075\cdot22,4=1,68l\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,075\cdot98=7,35g\)
a.b.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
c.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m_{CuO}}{M_{CuO}}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,4 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,3 0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_A=m_{CuO\left(du\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left[\left(0,4-0,3\right).80\right]+\left(0,3.64\right)=8+19,2=27,2g\)
a.b.c.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,15 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35g\)
d.\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,15 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6g\)
$a\big)2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$
$b\big)$
$n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2(mol)$
Theo PT: $n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3(mol)$
$\to V_{H_2(đktc)}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)$
$c\big)$
Theo PT: $n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2(mol)$
$\to m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7(g)$