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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,6 1,2 0,6 0,6 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,6.56=33,6g\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,6.127=76,2g\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,2}{0,6}=2M\)
`Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2↑`
`0,3` `0,6` `0,3` `0,3` `(mol)`
`n_[H_2] = [ 6,72 ] / [ 22,4 ] = 0,3 (mol)`
`-> m_[Fe] = 0,3 . 56 = 16,8 (g)`
`-> m_[FeCl_2] = 0,3 . 127 = 38,1 (g)`
`b) C_[M_[HCl]] = [ 0,6 ] / [ 0,3 ] = 2 (M)`
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,3<---0,6<------0,3<-----0,3
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,3=38,1\left(g\right)\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
a--->2a------------------>a
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b---->3b-------------------->1,5b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+1,5b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.2+0,2.3\right).36,5}{300}.100\%=12,167\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
gọi nFe : a , nAl: b (a,b>0) => 56a + 27b = 16,6 (g)
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a a
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b \(\dfrac{3b}{2}\)
=> \(a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\)
ta có hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a= 0,2 , b = 0,2
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=16,6-11,2=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,6
=> \(m_{HCl}=\left(0,4+0,6\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{200}.100\%=18,25\%\)
Gọi x,y,z là số mol của \(CuO, Al_2O_3, FeO\)
=> \(80x+102y+72z=6,1\)(1)
A + \(H_2SO_4\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
\(FeO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2O\)
=>x+3y+z=0,13 (2)
B+NaOH dư, lấy kết tủa nung trong không khí
=>Chất rắn là CuO và Fe2O3 do kết tủa của nhôm tan hết trong NaOH dư
\(BTNT(Cu):\)\(n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(BTNT\left(Fe\right):n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeO}=\dfrac{z}{2}\)
=> 80x+\(160.\dfrac{z}{2}\)=3,2 (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3)=>x=0,02 ; y=0,03; z=0,02
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=1,6\left(g\right);m_{Al_2O_3}=3,06\left(g\right);m_{FeO}=1,44\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
3Fe3O4 + 28HNO3 ---> 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 14H2O
a 28a/3 3a a/3
Fe + 4HNO3 ---> Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
b 4b b b
Fe + 2Fe(NO3)3 ---> 3Fe(NO3)2
(1,5a + 0,5b)->(3a + b)->(4,5a + 1,5b)
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56\left(b+0,5b+1,5a\right)+232a+1,46=18,5\\\dfrac{a}{3}+b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,03\left(mol\right)\\b=0,09\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow C_{M\left(HNO_3\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{28.0,03}{3}+0,09.4}{0,2}=3,2M\)
=> \(m_{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\left(4,5.0,03+1,5.0,09\right).180=48,6\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\rightarrow n_{Fe}=1,6a\left(mol\right)\)
Theo đề bài: \(65a+1,6a.56=7,73\rightarrow a=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,05.1,6=0,08\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,08 0,16 0,08 0,08
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=\left(0,05+0,08\right).22,4=2,912\left(l\right)\)
Gọi mE = a (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=48\%.a=0,48a\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=32\%.a=0,32a\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,48a}{160}=0,003a\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,32a}{80}=0,004a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,003a->0,009a
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,004a->0,004a
\(\rightarrow0,13=0,004a+0,009a\\ \Leftrightarrow a=100\left(g\right)\)
a)
$\%m_{Cu\ bị\ oxi\ hóa} = \dfrac{8}{12,8}.100\% = 62,5\%$
b)
$2Cu + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CuO$
$CuO + 2HCl \to CuCl_2 + H_2O$
Ta có :
$n_{CuCl_2} = n_{Cu\ pư} = \dfrac{12,8 - 8}{64} = 0,075(mol)$
$CuCl_2 + 2KOH \to Cu(OH)_2 + 2KCl$
$n_{Cu(OH)_2} = n_{CuCl_2} = 0,075(mol)$
$m_{Cu(OH)_2} = 0,075.98 = 7,35(gam)$
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