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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
3. CuO +H2SO4 -->CuSO4 +H2O
nCuO=64/80=0,8(mol)
theo PTHH :nCuO =nH2SO4=nCuSO4=0,8(mol)
=>mddH2SO4 20%=0,8.98.100/20=392(g)
mCuSO4=0,8.160=128(g)
mdd sau phản ứng =64 +392=456(g)
mH2O=456 -128=328(g)
giả sử có a g CuSO4.5H2O tách ra
trong 250g CuSO4 tách ra có 160g CuSO4 và 90g H2O tách ra
=> trong a g CuSO4.5H2O tách ra có : 160a/250 g CuSO4 và 90a/250 g H2O tách ra
=>mCuSO4(còn lại)=128 -160a/250 (g)
mH2O (còn lại)=328 -90a/250 (g)
=>\(\dfrac{128-\dfrac{160a}{250}}{328-\dfrac{90a}{250}}.100=25\)
=>a=83,63(g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
$a)PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2$
$\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{24,79}=0,1(mol)$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{12}.100\%=46,67\%$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Cu}=100-46,67=53,33\%$
$b)n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7(g)$
$c)n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ ..........0,15.......0,15.......0,15.......0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=65\cdot0,15=9,75\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{H_2SO_4}=98\cdot0,15=14,7\left(mol\right)\\ c,m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{14,7\cdot100}{20}=\dfrac{147}{2}\left(g\right)\\ d,C\%_{dd_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15\cdot161}{\dfrac{147}{2}}\cdot100\approx32,86\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.1.......0.2......................0.1\)
Chất rắn X : Cu
\(m_{Zn}=0.1\cdot65=6.5\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=19.3-6.5=12.8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12.8}{64}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.2}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^o}}}2CuO\)
\(0.2........0.1\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=0.1\cdot32=3.2\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{KOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,3}=1,67\)=> Tạo 2 muối KHCO3 và K2CO3
\(CO_2+KOH\rightarrow KHCO_3\)
\(CO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2CO_3+H_2O\)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol KHCO3 và K2CO3 ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,3\\x+2y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(m_{KHCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right);m_{K_2CO_3}=0,2.138=27,6\left(g\right)\)
c) \(C\%_{KHCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{0,3.44+200}.100=4,69\%\)
\(C\%_{K_2CO_3}=\dfrac{27,6}{0,3.44+200}.100=12,95\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3(mol)$
$a)PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$
$\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{24,6}.100\%=21,95\%$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Cu}=100-21,95=78,05\%$
$b)n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7(g)$
$c)n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=0,6(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M$
a)
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
b)
Ta thấy :
$n_{Zn} = \dfrac{2,6}{65} = 0,04 < n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{200.2,45\%}{98}= 0,05$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,04(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,04.22,4 = 0,896(lít)$
c)
Dung dịch X chứa :
$n_{ZnSO_4} = n_{Zn} = 0,04(mol) \Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4} = 0,04.161 = 6,44(gam)$
$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,05 - 0,04 = 0,01(mol) \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4} = 0,01.98 = 0,98(gam)$
d)
Cách 1 :
$m_{dd} = 2,6 + 200 - 0,04.2 = 202,52(gam)$
Cách 2 :
Trong dd $H_2SO_4$ : $m_{H_2O} = 200 - 0,05.98 = 195,1(gam)$
Suy ra:
$m_{dd} = m_{chất\ tan} + m_{H_2O} = 6,44 + 0,98 + 195,1 = 202,52(gam)$
e)
$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,98}{202,52}.100\% = 0,48\%$
$C\%_{ZnSO_4} = \dfrac{6,44}{202,52}.100\% = 3,18\%$