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\(n_{Fe} =a (mol) ; n_{Zn} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 65b = 35,4(1)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,4 ; b = 0,2\\ m_{Fe} = 0,4.56 = 22,4(gam)\\ m_{Zn} = 0,2.65 = 13(gam)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: 56nFe + 65nZn = 35,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}+n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sửa 13,4 → 13,44
\(Gọi : n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Zn} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 65b = 35,4(1)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,4 ; b = 0,2\\ m_{Fe}= 0,4.56 = 22,4(gam)\\ m_{Zn} = 0,2.65 = 13(gam)\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{10}.100=65\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-65\%=35\%\)
\(n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=0,5a;n_{Zn}=b\\ a\left(24+28\right)+65b=52a+65b=44,2\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{24,64}{22,4}1,1\\ a=0,6;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24a}{44,2}=32,58\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{28a}{44,2}=38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=29,42\%\\ m_{ddacid}=\dfrac{98\left(1,5a+b\right)}{0,08}=1347,5g\\ m_{ddsau}=1389,5g\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95a}{1389,5}=4,10\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,5a}{1389,5}=2,74\%\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136b}{1389,5}=1,96\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=12-5,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
Nhận thấy rừng `Cu` không tác dụng với `HCl` nên toàn bộ lượng `H_2` là do `Fe`
\(n_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\)
tỉ lệ 1 : 2 : 1 : 1
n(mol) 0,1<------------------------------0,1
\(m_{Fe}=n\cdot M=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=12-5,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=200.27,375\%=54,75\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{54,75}{36,5}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
a ----> 2a --------> a -----> a
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
b ---> 2b -------> b ------> b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+56b=43,7\\a+b=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{dd}=43,7+200-0,7.2=242,3\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.136}{242,3}=28,06\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{242,3}=10,48\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(1,5-0,5.2-0,2.2\right).36,5}{242,3}=1,51\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\\Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_{\text{ 4 }}+H_2\end{matrix}\right.\)
gọi số mol Zn là x , số mol Fe là y
=> 65x+56y=43,7
=> a+b=0,7
=>a=0,5 , b =0,2
=> \(m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\\ m_{Fe}=43,7-32,5=11,2\left(G\right)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Fe}=y\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol ) \(\rightarrow m_{hh}=27x+56y=5,54\left(g\right)\) (1)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
x 1,5x ( mol )
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
y y ( mol )
\(n_{H_2}=1,5x+y=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,06\\y=0,07\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,06.27}{5,54}.100=29,24\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100-29,24=70,76\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) nH2 = 6,72 : 22,4 = 0,3 (MOL)
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
x x x (mol)
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
y y y (mol)
ta có
65x + 24y = 11,3
x+y=0,3
=> x = 0,1 (mol)
=> y = 0,2 (mol)
=> mMg = 0,2 . 24 = 4,8 (G)
=> %mMg = \(\dfrac{4,8}{11,3}\) . 100% = 42,47 %
=> %mZn = 100% - 42,47% = 57,53 %
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Zn, Mg
nH2 =\(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}\)=0,3 mol
Pt: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
.....x......................................x
....Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
.....y.......................................y
Ta có hệ pt: {65x+24y=11,3
x+y=0,3
⇔{x=0,1y=0,2
%mZn = 0,1×6511,3.100%=57,5%
%mMg = 0,2×24\11,3.100%=42,5%
Pt: Fe3O4 + 4H2 --to--> 3Fe + 4H2O
0,075 mol<-0,3 mol
mFe3O4 = 0,075 . 232 = 17,4 (g)
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol Al, Fe
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=0,83\\1,5x+y=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,27\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,56\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{6,048}{22,4}=0,27mol\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\\y\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow56x+65y=16,47\left(1\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo phương trình \(n_{Fe}+n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\rightarrow x+y=0,27\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => x = 0,12 và y = 0,15
\(\rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15.65=9,75g\)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{6,048}{22,4}=0,27mol\)
Đặt\(\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\\y\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow56x+65y=16,47\left(1\right)\)
Phương trình hóa học:\(Fe+2HCL\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Zn+2HCL\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo phương trình:\(n_{Fe}+n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\rightarrow x+y=0,27\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0,12\\y=0,15\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15\cdot65=9,75g\)