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\(A.Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ B.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05mol\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24}{6,4}\cdot100=18,75\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100-18,75=81,25\%\\ C.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05.98}{20}\cdot100=24,5g\)
a) Pt : \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo Pt : \(n_{Mg}=n_{H2SO4}=n_{MgSO4}=n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
b) \(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24}{6,4}.100\%=18,75\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-18,75\%=81,25\%\)
c) \(m_{H2SO4}=0,05.98=4,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{4.100\%}{20\%}=20\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a. PTHH:
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Cu + H2SO4 ---x--->
b. Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6\left(g\right)\)
c. \(\%_{m_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)
d. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29,4}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=147\left(g\right)\)
nH2=0.56:22,4=0,025 mol
Fe+H2SO4----->FeSO4+H2
2AL+3H2SO4----->AL2(SO4)3 +3H2
Gọi x,y làn lượt là số mol Fe và AL
ta có hệ pt
mFe=0,01.56=0,56 g
mAl=0,83-0,56=0,27 g
%mFe=(0,56:0,83).100=67,47%
%mAl=100-67,47=32,53%
Câu 1:
Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 27x+56y=0,83(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025(mol)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,025(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%=32,53\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=100\%-32,53\%=67,47\%\)
Câu 2:
Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Mg}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 27x+24y=4,5(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,225(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,075(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{4,5}.100\%=60\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=100\%-60\%=40\%\)
Dạng PP hai dòng:
\(PTHH:2A+Cl_2\to 2ACl\\ \Rightarrow n_A=n_{ACl}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{9,2}{M_A}=\dfrac{23,4}{M_A+35,5}\\ \Rightarrow M_A=23(g/mol)\)
Vậy A là natri
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,2(mol)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6(g)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-54\%=46\%\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3(mol)\Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{20\%}=147(g)\)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 0,83 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, nH2SO4 = nH2 = 0,025 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)
Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol
=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2
=> %Mg = 57,14%
=> %Al = 42,86%