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Câu 5 :
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,15 0,3 0,15
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=8,4-2,4=6\left(g\right)\)
0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{2,4.100}{8,4}=28,57\)0/0
0/0MgO = \(\dfrac{6.100}{8,4}=71,43\)0/0
b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{6}{40}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{3,65}=500\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,1+0,15=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,15.95=14,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=8,4+500-\left(0,1.2\right)=508,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{14,25.100}{508,2}=2,8\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg}=2,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgO}=4,4-2,4=2\left(g\right)\\ c.\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{4,4}.100=54,55\%\\ \%m_{MgO}=45,45\%\\ d.\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+2n_{MgO}=0,1.2+\dfrac{2}{40}.2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)=150ml\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,1555}{24,79}=0,45(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ b,n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,3.27}{14,5}.100\%=55,86\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-55,86\%=44,14\%\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,45(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,45}{0,2}=2,25M\\ d,n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,15.342=51,3(g)\)
1)
$MgO + 2HCl to MgCl_2 + H_2O$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
2)
$n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Mg} = 0,1.24 = 2,4(gam)$
$m_{MgO} = 4,4 - 2,4 = 2(gam)$
3)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Mg} + 2n_{MgO} = 0,1.2 + \dfrac{2}{40}.2 = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{2} = 0,15(lít) = 150(ml)$
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_3COOH+Na\rightarrow CH_3COONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,1 0,1
\(C_2H_5OH+Na\rightarrow C_2H_5ONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,1 0,1
Theo pthh có: \(n_A=2nH_2=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi x, y là số mol của rượu và axit có trong hh A.
có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,2\\60x+46y=10,6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> x = y = 0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%_{m_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{60.0,1.100}{10,6}=56,6\%\\\%_{m_{C_2H_5OH}}=100-56,6=43,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{muối}=m_{CH_3COONa}+m_{C_2H_5ONa}=82.0,1+68.0,1=15\left(g\right)\)
100 - 56,6 sao bằng 43,4%
Xem lại đơn vị
mol H2=0,4 →mol HCl=0,8 Áp dụng BTKL:mhh+mhcl=mmuối+mh2 →mmuối=35,4g
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,1975}{24,79}=0,25(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,25.24}{12}.100\%=50\%\\ \%_{MgO}=100\%-50\%=50\%\\ c,n_{MgO}=\dfrac{12-0,25.24}{40}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{HCl}=0,25.2+0,15.2=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow x=C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,4}=2M\)
\(d,n_{MgCl_2}=0,25+0,15=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,4.95=38(g)\)