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a)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
\(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6NaOH\rightarrow3Na_2SO_4+2Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
\(Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
b) B gồm Fe(OH)2, Cu(OH)2
C gồm CuO, Fe2O3
a)\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
\(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6NaOH\rightarrow2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3Na_2SO_4\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
b)B là các chất sau: \(Fe\left(OH\right)_2;Cu\left(OH\right)_2;Al\left(OH\right)_3\)
C là các chất sau: \(Fe_2O_3;CuO;Al_2O_3\)
PTHH: \(K+H_2O\rightarrow KOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
\(2KOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)=n_K\) \(\Rightarrow m_K=0,6\cdot39=23,4\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuCl2 + 2NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + 2NaCl
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => CuCl2 hết, NaOH dư
PTHH: CuCl2 + 2NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + 2NaCl
0,2------>0,4-------->0,2------->0,4
Cu(OH)2 --to--> CuO + H2O
0,2-------------->0,2
=> mCuO = 0,2.80 = 16(g)
b)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=20-0,4.40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{NaCl}=0,4.58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
nCuSO4=0,5.0,4=0,2 mol
CuSO4 +2NaOH=> Cu(OH)2+Na2SO4
0,2 mol =>0,2 mol
Cu(OH)2=> CuO+H2O
0,2 mol =>0,2 mol
kết tủa A là Cu(OH)2 m=98.0,2=19,6g
cr B là CuO m=0,2.80=16g
Pt: Ba+2H2O -> Ba(OH)2+H2 (1)
Ba(OH)2+CuSO4 ->Cu(OH)2 \(\downarrow\) +BaSO4 \(\downarrow\)(2)
Ba(OH)2+(NH4)2SO4 ->BaSO4 \(\downarrow\)+2NH3+2H2O (3)
Cu(OH)2\(\underrightarrow{t^0}\)CuO+H2O (4)
BaSO4 \(\underrightarrow{t^0}\) ko xảy ra phản ứng
Theo (1) ta có \(n_{H_2}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ba}=\frac{27,4}{137}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{\left(NH_4\right)_2SO_4}=\frac{1,32\cdot500}{132\cdot100}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\frac{2\cdot500}{100\cdot160}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}>n_{\left(NH_4\right)_2SO_4}+n_{CuSO4\:}\) nên Ba(OH)2 dư và 2 muối đều phản ứng hết
Theo (2) ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)
Theo (3) ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{\left(NH_4\right)_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
và \(n_{NH_3}=2n_{\left(NH_4\right)_2SO_4}=0,05\cdot2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Ba\left(OH_2\right)}\text{dư}=0,2-\left(0,05+0,0625\right)=0,0875\left(mol\right)\)
a)\(V_{A\left(ĐKTC\right)}=V_{H_2}+V_{NH_3}=\left(0,2+0,1\right)\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b)Theo (4) ta có: \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{\text{chất rắn}}=m_{BaSO_4}+m_{CuO}=\left(0,0625+0,05\right)\cdot233+0,0625\cdot80=31,2125\left(g\right)\)
a/
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{9,3}{62}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,15 0,3 (mol)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_A=90,7+9,3=100\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
b/
m\(_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{16.200}{100}=32\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{152}=\dfrac{4}{19}\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+FeSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
bđ: 0,3 \(\dfrac{4}{19}\) 0 0 (mol)
pư: 0,3 0,15 0,15 0,15 (mol)
dư: 0 \(\dfrac{23}{380}\) (mol)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15.90=13,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_C=100+200-13,5=286,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,15.142=21,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{21,3}{286,5}.100\%\approx7,4\%\)
\(m_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{23}{380}.152=9,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{9,2}{286,5}.100\%\approx3,2\%\)
a
A