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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,\) Hiện tượng: Chất rắn màu xám sẫm Kẽm tan dần và xuất hiện khí Hidro làm sủi bọt khí.
\(b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\to ZnSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n{Zn}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5(g)\\ C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{200}.100\%=4,9\%\)
tham khảo ở đây ạ
Câu 1 Cho kim loại kẽm tác dụng vừa đủ với 200 gam dd H2SO4 loãng, thu được 2,24 lít khí Hiđrô (ở đktc) a. Nêu hiện tượng xảy ra? b. Tính khối lượng kẽm đã ph
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 3 :
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Hiện tượng : kẽm tan dần , có hiện tượng sủi bọt khí (sinh ra khí hidro)
b) Pt : \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2|\)
1 1 1 1
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{200}=4,9\)0/0
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ ..........0,15.......0,15.......0,15.......0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=65\cdot0,15=9,75\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{H_2SO_4}=98\cdot0,15=14,7\left(mol\right)\\ c,m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{14,7\cdot100}{20}=\dfrac{147}{2}\left(g\right)\\ d,C\%_{dd_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15\cdot161}{\dfrac{147}{2}}\cdot100\approx32,86\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
b+c)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot98}{30\%}=98\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) PTHH: \(ZnSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow ZnCl_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{260\cdot20\%}{208}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) ZnSO4 còn dư, BaCl2 phản ứng hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=0,25mol=n_{BaSO_4}\\n_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25\cdot136=34\left(g\right)\\m_{BaSO_4}=0,25\cdot233=58,25\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05\cdot161=8,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{Zn}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}+m_{ddBaCl_2}-m_{BaSO_4}=318,65\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{34}{318,65}\cdot100\%\approx10,67\%\\C\%_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{8,05}{318,65}\cdot100\%\approx2,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 0,83 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, nH2SO4 = nH2 = 0,025 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{2,32}{232}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + 4H2O
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=4.n_{Fe_3O_4}=4.0,01=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,04.98=3,92\left(g\right)\)
Theo đề, ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{3,92}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{SauPỨ}}=2,32+19,6=21,92\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeSO_4}=0,01.152=1,52\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,01.400=4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{SauPỨ}=1,52+4=5,52\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{SauPỨ}}=\dfrac{5,52}{21,92}.100\%=25,18\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{48,75}{162,5}=0,3(mol)\\ 3NaOH+FeCl_3\to Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe(OH)_3}=0,3(mol);n_{NaOH}=n_{NaCl}=0,9(mol)\\ a,m_{Fe(OH)_3}=0,3.107=32,1(g)\\ b,m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9.40}{10\%}=360(g)\\ c,C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,9.58,5}{360+48,75-32,1}.100\%=13,98\%\\ \)
\(d,2Fe(OH)_3+3H_2SO_4\to Fe_2(SO_4)_3+6H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,45.98}{20\%}=220,5(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{220,5}{1,14}=193,42(ml)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi a, b lần lượt là mol của Al và Zn
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
a 1,5a
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b b
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+65b=9,2\\1,5a+b=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{9,2}.100\%=29,35\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{9,2}.100\%=70,35\%\)
b. \(n_{H_2}=0,25mol\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,5mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25g\)
Ta có: \(10\%=\dfrac{18,25}{m_{dd}}.100\%\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{dd}=182,5g\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2|\)
1 1 1 1
0,25 0,25 0,25
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{ddH2SO4}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,2}=1,25\left(M\right)\)
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