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\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)
a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)
a, PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: 100nCaCO3 + 84nMgCO3 = 14,2 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}+n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.100}{14,2}.100\%\approx70,42\%\\\%m_{MgCO_3}\approx29,58\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
x 2x x x x
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
y 2y y y y
Có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}100x+84y=14,2\\x+y=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0,1;y=0,05\)
\(a,\%m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100:14,2.100\%\approx72,423\%\)
\(\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-72,423\%\approx29,577\%\)
\(b,C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2+0,1}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Câu 5 :
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,15 0,3 0,15
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=8,4-2,4=6\left(g\right)\)
0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{2,4.100}{8,4}=28,57\)0/0
0/0MgO = \(\dfrac{6.100}{8,4}=71,43\)0/0
b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{6}{40}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{3,65}=500\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,1+0,15=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,15.95=14,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=8,4+500-\left(0,1.2\right)=508,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{14,25.100}{508,2}=2,8\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(Ca+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{10}.100=40\%\\\%m_{MgO}=100\%-40\%=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.111}{10+390,2-0,1.2}.100=2,775\%\\C\%_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{10+390,2-0,1.2}.100=1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1:
PTHH: \(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{to}CaO+CO_2\\ xmol:xmol\rightarrow xmol\)
\(MgCO_3\underrightarrow{to}MgO+CO_2\\ymol:ymol\rightarrow ymol\)
Gọi x và y lần lượt là số mol của \(CaCO_3\) và \(MgCO_3\)
\(m_{hh}=m_{CaCO_3}+m_{MgCO_3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow100x+84y=14,2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Giải phương trình (1) và (2) ta được: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCO_3}=100.0,1=10\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCO_3}=14,2-10=4,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{14,2}.100\%=70,4\%\\\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-70,4\%=29,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
câu 2 :
nCaCO3 = \(\dfrac{40}{100}\) = 0,4 mol
nCO2 = \(\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}\) = 0,25 mol
CaCO3 \(^{to}\rightarrow\)CaO + CO2 \(\uparrow\)
0,25 \(\leftarrow\)0,25
- các chất sau phản ứng : CaO ; CaCO3 dư
mCaO = 0,25 . 56 = 14 g
mCaCO3 = (0,4 - 0,25 ) . 100 = 15 g