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a, PTHH:
Na2O + H2O ---> 2NaOH (1)
2NaOH + H2SO4 ---> Na2SO4 + 2H2O (2)
b, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{18,6}{62}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh (1): \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{NaOH}=0,6.40=24\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
LTL (2): \(\dfrac{0,6}{2}< 0,5\rightarrow\) H2SO4 dư
Theo pthh (2):
\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,6=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3.142=42,6\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{Ca}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Ca}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ca}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.74=22,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{8,4}{232}=\dfrac{21}{580}\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{21}{580}}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{4}\), ta được H2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=3n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{63}{580}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Fe}=\dfrac{63}{580}.56=\dfrac{882}{145}\left(g\right)\)
Bài 3 :
a. \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2 0,2 0,2
b. \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
c. PTHH : CuO + H2 ----to----> Cu + H2O
0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(H_2+CuO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,25-0,2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)
Theo gt ta có: $n_{Zn}=0,1(mol);n_{CuO}=0,25(mol)$
a, $Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2$
$CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O$
b, Ta có: $n_{ZnCl_2}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=13,6(g)$
b, Ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)$
Sau phản ứng chất còn dư là CuO dư 0,15 mol
$\Rightarrow m_{CuO/du}=12(g)$
a)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
b)
n ZnCl2 = n Zn = 6,5/65 = 0,1(mol)
=> m ZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 13,6(gam)
c) n H2 = n Zn = 0,1 mol
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
n CuO = 20/80 = 0,25 > n H2 = 0,1 nên CuO dư
n CuO pư = n H2 = 0,1 mol
=> m CuO dư = 20 - 0,1.80 = 12(gam)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=n_{NaOH}=2n_{H_2}=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na}=2.23=46\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{NaOH}=2.40=80\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{365}{36,5}=10\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{2}{1}< \dfrac{10}{1}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=2.58,5=117\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(mol\right)\)
- Với Fe3O4:
PT: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\)
- Với CuO:
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=\dfrac{1}{3}.64=\dfrac{64}{3}\left(g\right)\)
Na2O+H2O->2NaOH
0,3----------------0,6
2NaOH+H2SO4->Na2SO4+H2O
0,6----------------------0,3 mol
n Na2O=\(\dfrac{18,6}{62}\)=0,3 mol
=>m NaOH= 0,6.40=24g
=> m Na2SO4=0,3.142=42,6g
a. \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{18,6}{62}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH
0,3 0,6
b. \(m_{NaOH}=0,6.40=24\left(g\right)\)
c. PTHH : 2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,6 0,3
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3.142=42,6\left(g\right)\)