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I. Complete the sentences with "another, other or others"
1. Give me your grammar and your .other.. books.
2. Mr. Smith went for a walk while the ..others.stayed at home.
3. He can do many..other..things in the house.
4. I know three of the boys, but not the ...others.
5. Some people drank tea ..other. drank coffee.
6. I don't like these books. Do you have ..other... ones?
7. This is his own house, but he has..another.. one in the country.
8. Some workmen were digging. ...other.. were bringing stones.
9. I have one book here. All my...other....ones are at school
10. Some masons are building. ...others....are making mortar.
I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronuonced differently from the that of the others.
1. a. typhoon b. recycle c. supply d. typical
2. a. own b. crowd c. know d. window
3. a. concerned b. increased c. offered d. revised
II. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is not the same as that of the others.
1. a. magazine b. telephone c. community d. dangerous
2. a. semester b. electricity c. arrangement d. delicious
III. Choose the suitable word in brackets to fill in the blank.
1. Please let Helen ………… with you.
a. go b. to go c. going d. goes
2. No one else in the class plays the guitar John.
a. as well b. as well than c. so well as d. as good as
3. Lan ………. in Scotland for ten years. Now he lives in London.
a. lives b. has lived c. lived d. is living
4. He ………. five gold medals since the beginning of the Sea Games, a.
a. wins b. won c. has won d. is winning
5. The students are playing ……………. in the schoolyard.
a. happy b. happier c. happiest d. happily
6. My friend suggested …………. by bus.
a. to go b. go c. going d. goes
7. We ………… wear uniform when we are at school.
a. have to b. must c. can d. may
8. I’m very ……… in the information you have given me.
a. concerned b. surprised c. worried d. interested
9. ………….. does it take you to go to school?
a. How much b. How long c. How far d. How often
10. Lake Superior is ……… any other lakes in the world.
a. larger than b. the largest of c. largest of d. the larger than
IV. Fill in the blank with one suitable word.
The country is (1)……more….. beautiful than a town and pleasant to live in. Many people think so, and go to the country (2)……for…. the summer holidays though
they cannot live (3)…there…. all the year round. Some have a cottage built in a village (4)…so…. that they can go there whenever they can find the (5)……time…. .
The village green is a wide stretch of grass, and houses or cottages are (6)…built…. round it. Country life is now fairly comfortable and many villages have (7) …water….. brought through pipes into each (8)……house… .
V. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Our country is rich in ……natural….. resources. (nature)
2. How ………careless…. of you to break that cup! (care)
3. They are members of an international ……organization…….. (organize)
4. I have to do some maths ………revision…. Tonight. (revise)
5. English is …widely…… used in many parts of the world. (wide)
VI. Match the questions in column A to the answers in column B.
| A | B |
| 1. What are you studying? 2. Why do you think most people learn English? 3. Do you like learning English? 4. When did you start learning English? 5. How did you learn to speak English so well? 6. Where are you studying? 7. Why did you choose that college? 8. Are most of your books in English? 9. Are you going to visit Britain? |
a. At New Method College. b. Two years ago. c. Yes, I am. Probably next year. d. All of them are. e. Yes, I do. f. English g. Very often it’s to get a better job. h. I speak English whenever I have a chance. i. I heard it was very good. |
1- F; 2 - G ; 3 - E ; 4- B ; 5- H ; 6- A ; 7- I ; 8- D ; 9 - C ;
VII. Complete the passage with the suitable words in the box.
interesting – available - least - educational - fields - higher - advantages - range
There are various (1)……advantages…. to living in a large city. For one thing, there is the matter of education: (2)… educational… programs of all kinds for all ages and interests are (3)…available.. at all times of day and night in a city.
Then, a city offers a wide (4)…range….. of choices in entertainment, recreation, and culture as well as opportunities to meet many (5)…interesting.. people. Last but not (6)…least.. is the opportunity for jobs and money: Many jobs in many (7)…fields…. are available with (8)…higher….. salaries than in a small town.
VIII. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
1. The last time I saw him was in 1985.
I haven’t …………………………seen him since IN 1985…………………………….
2. When did you begin to learn English?
How long ………………………have you learned English?……………………………..
3. Are you and Jane the same age?
Are you as ………………………old as Jane?…………………………….
4. I expected my friends to arrive at 4 o’clock, but they arrived at 2.30.
My friends …………………………arrived earlier, than I expected………………………….
5. “Don’t walk on the grass,” the gardener said to us.
The gardener …………………………told us not to walk on the grass………………………….
Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer
The first system of communication of animals is natural. Many kinds of animals have ways of communicating with each other. And one of the most interesting examples is that of bees. These insects communicate with each other by dancing. The most important kind of dance that they do is concerned with food. They get their food from flowers, of course, from plants and trees. When a bee has found some food, it returns to the other bees and can give them three basic kinds of information about the food: which direction it is in, whether it is nearby or a long way away, and whether it is good to eat or poisonous.
The other kind of system of communication of animals is artificial. It means animals learn it; in this case, they learn from man. Several famous experiments have been carried out with chimpanzees, trying to teach them human language.
One of these experiments was done with a chimpanzee called Sarah. Sarah was taught to understand a system of symbols which represented words. The symbols were cut out of coloured plastic, and each different shape stood for a different word. For example, a red square stood for “banana”, Sarah’s favorite fruit. Soon Sarah could not only understand words, but even sentences. She could obey orders: if her human friends put down the symbols for “apple in cup”, she would put the apple in the cup. Later, she began giving the scientists orders – she was writing her own sentences, and she got upset if the scientists did not obey her. We do not yet know whether chimpanzees will ever learn to use language to communicate as freely as human beings do, but the results so far suggest that this is at least a possibility.
41) According to the passage, bees ____________________________________.
A. learn to communicate B. are born to be able to communicate
C. are the most interesting animals D. communicate with each other by flying
42) From the passage, we can conclude that bees are _____________________.
A. so selfish as to let other bees share the bad food
B. so selfish as to look for food for themselves
C. so hardworking that they dance all the time
D. so smart that they know where the food is
43) The experiment done with Sarah is an example of ____________________.
A. animals with natural system of communication
B. animals able to communicate with humans
C. animals possible to use language as humans
D. animals with a system of communication worked out by humans
44) The results of the experiment with chimpanzees show the possibility to teach animals _____.
A. how to use language freely
B. how to give orders
C. how to obey orders
D. how to understand words and sentences
45) The phrase “concerned with” is closest in meaning to ________________.
A. interested in B. responsible for C. related to D. joined to
Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer
The first system of communication of animals is natural. Many kinds of animals have ways of communicating with each other. And one of the most interesting examples is that of bees. These insects communicate with each other by dancing. The most important kind of dance that they do is concerned with food. They get their food from flowers, of course, from plants and trees. When a bee has found some food, it returns to the other bees and can give them three basic kinds of information about the food: which direction it is in, whether it is nearby or a long way away, and whether it is good to eat or poisonous.
The other kind of system of communication of animals is artificial. It means animals learn it; in this case, they learn from man. Several famous experiments have been carried out with chimpanzees, trying to teach them human language.
One of these experiments was done with a chimpanzee called Sarah. Sarah was taught to understand a system of symbols which represented words. The symbols were cut out of coloured plastic, and each different shape stood for a different word. For example, a red square stood for “banana”, Sarah’s favorite fruit. Soon Sarah could not only understand words, but even sentences. She could obey orders: if her human friends put down the symbols for “apple in cup”, she would put the apple in the cup. Later, she began giving the scientists orders – she was writing her own sentences, and she got upset if the scientists did not obey her. We do not yet know whether chimpanzees will ever learn to use language to communicate as freely as human beings do, but the results so far suggest that this is at least a possibility.
41) According to the passage, bees ____________________________________.
A. learn to communicate B. are born to be able to communicate
C. are the most interesting animals D. communicate with each other by flying
42) From the passage, we can conclude that bees are _____________________.
A. so selfish as to let other bees share the bad food
B. so selfish as to look for food for themselves
C. so hardworking that they dance all the time
D. so smart that they know where the food is
43) The experiment done with Sarah is an example of ____________________.
A. animals with natural system of communication
B. animals able to communicate with humans
C. animals possible to use language as humans
D. animals with a system of communication worked out by humans
44) The results of the experiment with chimpanzees show the possibility to teach animals _____.
A. how to use language freely
B. how to give orders
C. how to obey orders
D. how to understand words and sentences
45) The phrase “concerned with” is closest in meaning to ________________.
A. interested in B. responsible for C. related to D. joined to
Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate. When you are drinking a cold beer on a hot day, or eating a delicious cheese sandwich, you can thank biotechnology for the pleasure you are experiencing. That’s right! Beer, bread and cheese are all produced using biotechnology. Perhaps a definition will be useful to understand how. A standard definition is that biotechnology (or biotech for short) is the application of science and engineering to the direct or indirect use of living organisms. And as you know, the food and drink above are all produced by the fermentation of micro-organisms. In beer, the yeast multiplies as it eats the sugars in the mixture and turns them into alcohol and CO2. This ancient technique was first used in Egypt to make bread and wine around 4000BC! Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat diseases, especially those caused by bacteria. They are natural substances that are created by bacteria and fungi. The first antibiotic was made in China in about 500BC – to cure boils. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and it was considered a medical miracle. Modern research is looking at the creation of super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. Our modern consumer society produces a lot of waste which needs to be disposed of safely and without harmful end products. Environmental biotechnology can help. Indeed, the use of bacteria to treat sewage was first practiced in 1914 in Manchester, England. Vermiculture or using worms to treat waste is another environmentally-friendly practice and the end product is a natural fertiliser. Bacteria have even been developed to help with problems such as oil spills. They convert crude oil and gasoline into non-toxic substances such as carbon dioxide, water and oxygen and help create a cleaner, healthier environment. These examples of biotechnology are accepted by most people. However, the discovery of the DNA structure by Watson and Crick in 1953 was the beginning of the modern era of genetics and the following areas of biotech are very controversial. Read on… The genetic modification of plants and crops has been in practice for many years. This involves changing the genetic code of these plants so that they are more resistant to bad conditions like drought, floods and frost. Supporters of GM food say that it can offer the consumer better quality, safety and taste and for over a decade Americans have been eating GM food. However, things are very different in Europe where genetically modified food is very strictly regulated and regarded with deep suspicion by the public. GM food has even been called “Frankenfood” in the press, a term inspired by the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. There is a great cultural divide between America and Europe over whether such food is safe to eat and will not harm the environment and the discussion is still in progress. 1997 saw the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first animal cloned from an adult cell. This was a remarkable achievement which created world-wide debate on the ethical issues surrounding cloning. International organisations such as the European parliament, UNESCO and WHO all declared that human cloning is both morally and legally wrong. However, we need to make a distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Nowadays the idea of reproductive cloning – creating a copy of another person - is no longer interesting for researchers. Instead therapeutic cloning is creating excitement in the biotech world. Key to this technique is stem cells, which are master cells that have the potential to become any other kind of cell in the body e.g. nerve cells, blood, heart muscle or even brain cells. Stem cells themselves have generated a lot of controversy as it was believed that only human embryos could provide them. However, it now appears that adult stem cells offer the same possibility. This would mean that a patient who suffered a heart attack could provide doctors with his adult stem cells which could then be implanted back into his heart and used to create heart muscle, replacing the muscle that was damaged. As the genetic code is identical, there would be no problem of the body rejecting the implant as, unfortunately, happens with organ transplants. In the future, biotechnologists hope that stem cells could be used to grow entire organs. In this way biotechnology offers the hope of revolutionising medical treatment. In this brief overview of the history of biotechnology we have jumped from making bread to making human organs - an enormous leap- and it is clear that these modern practices raise many controversial issues. However, despite the debate, we can imagine that as biotechnology has been around for many years, it will still be around for some time to come - but who knows where it will take us?
Questions:
After reading, choose the best answer for the following questions
1. What is the main topic of the article?
Brief history and modern developments of biotechnology
Benefit of biotechnology
Modern research in biotechnology
2. What does the pronoun "IT" in the first paragraph refer to?
Biotechnology
The article
The word "Biotechnology"
3. Which products were first made with fermentation of micro-organisms?
Beer, bread and cheese
Bread and wine
Beer and cheese
Decide whether the statement below is True or False.
4. Alexander Fleming discovered super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them.
TrueFalse
5. GM food is easily available in the U.S. and Europe.
TrueFalse
6.Researchers believe that adult stem cells could be used to create body parts.
TrueFalse
1. successfully -> successful
2. promote -> promotes
3. paint -> painted
4. with -> as
5. too -> either
6. Canada's -> Canada
7. long -> often
8. is -> was
1D 2C 3A 4B 5B 6C 7D 8a 9B 10C 11A 12B 13D 14A 15C 16B