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a) \(x^3+6x^2+12x+8\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^3\)
b) \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^3\)
c) \(1-9x+27x^2-27x^3\)
\(=-\left(27x^3-27x^2+9x-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(3x-1\right)^3\)
a) \(-x^3+9x^2-27x+27=-\left(x^3-3.3.x^2+3.3^2.x-3^3\right)=-\left(x-3\right)^3\)
b)\(x^4-2x^3-x^2+2x+1=x^4+\left(-x\right)^2+\left(-1\right)^2+2x^2\left(-x\right)+2.\left(-x\right).\left(-1\right)+2x^2.\left(-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x-1\right)^2\)
c)\(8x^3+27y^3+36x^2y+54xy^2=\left(2x\right)^3+3.\left(2x\right)^2.3y+3.2x.\left(3y\right)^2+\left(3y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(2x+3y\right)^2\)
Bài 1 : Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử :
a) 8x3 - 64
=(2x)3 + 43
=(2x+4)(4x2 - 8x + 16)
c) 125x3 + 1
=5x3 + 13
=(5x+1)(25x2 +5x+1)
d) 8x3 - 27
=(2x)3 - 33
=(2x - 3)(2x2 + 6x + 9)
e) 1 + 8x6y3
=1 + (2x2y)3
=(1 + 2x2y)(4x4y2 -2x2y + 1)
f) 125x3 + 27y3
=(5x)3 + (3y3)
=(5x + 3y)(25x2 - 15xy + 9y2)
Bài 1
a) \(8x^3-64\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3-4^3\)
\(=\left(2x-4\right)\left(4x^2+8x+16\right)\)
c) \(125x^3+1\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^3+1^3\)
\(=\left(5x+1\right)\left(25x^2-5x+1\right)\)
d) \(8x^3-27\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3-3^3\)
\(=\left(2x-3\right)\left(4x^2+6x+9\right)\)
e) \(1+8x^6x^3\)
\(=1^3+\left(2x^2y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(1+2x^2y\right)\left(1-2x^2y+4x^4y^2\right)\)
f) \(125x^3+27y^3\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^3+\left(3y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(5x+3y\right)\left(25x^2-15xy+9x^2\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x^3+12x^2+48x+64\)
\(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot4+3\cdot x\cdot4^2+4^3\)
\(=\left(x+4\right)^3\)
b) Ta có: \(x^3-12x^2+48x-64\)
\(=x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot4+3\cdot x\cdot4^2-4^3\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)^3\)
c) Ta có: \(8x^3+12x^2y+6xy^2+y^3\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3+3\cdot\left(2x\right)^2\cdot y+3\cdot2x\cdot y^2+y^3\)
\(=\left(2x+y\right)^3\)
d)Sửa đề: \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
Ta có: \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
\(=x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot1+3\cdot x\cdot1^2-1^3\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^3\)
e) Ta có: \(8-12x+6x^2-x^3\)
\(=2^3-3\cdot2^2\cdot x+3\cdot2\cdot x^2-x^3\)
\(=\left(2-x\right)^3\)
f) Ta có: \(-27y^3+9y^2-y+\frac{1}{27}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^3+3\cdot\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\cdot\left(-3y\right)+3\cdot\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(-3y\right)^{^2}+\left(-3y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{3}-3y\right)^3\)
a) 1 - 2y + y2
= (1-y)2
b) ( x + 1 )2 - 25
=( x + 1 )2 - 52
=(x+1+5)(x+1-5)
a) x^3-2x^2+x
= x(x^2-2x+1)
x(x-1)^2
b) x^2-2x-15
= (x^2-2x+1)-16
= (x-1)^2-4^2
= ( x-5)(x+3)
d) 5(x-y)-y(x-y)
=(x-y)(5-y)
e) 27x^2(y-1)-9x^3(1-y)
= 27x^2(y-1)+9x^3(y-1)
= (y-1)(27x^2+9x^3)
= 9x^2(y-1)(3+x)
f) 36-12x+x^2
= x^2- 6.2x+36
= ( x - 6)^2
g) 125^3+27y^3
125^3+ ( 9y)^3
= 125^3+ 3.125^2.9y+3.125.(9y)2+ (9y)3
i) xy+xz+3y+3z
= x( x+y) + 3(y+z)
= (y+z)(x+3)
a/ \(x^3-2x^2+x\)
= \(x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
= \(x\left(x-1\right)^2\)
b/ \(x^2-2x-15\)
= \(x^2-2x+1-16\)
= \(\left(x-1\right)^2-4^2\)
= \(\left(x-1-4\right)\left(x-1+4\right)\)
= \(\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
c/ \(x^2-2x-y^2+1\)
= \(\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2\)
= \(\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
d/ \(5\left(x-y\right)-y\left(x-y\right)\)
= \(\left(x-y\right)\left(5-y\right)\)
e/ \(27x^2\left(y-1\right)-9x^3\left(1-y\right)\)
= \(27x^2\left(y-1\right)+9x^3\left(y-1\right)\)
= \(\left(y-1\right)\left(27x^2+9x^3\right)\)
f/ \(36-12x+x^2\)
= \(x^2-12x+6^2\)
= \(\left(x-6\right)^2\)
a. \(\left(x+y\right)^3+\left(x-y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3+x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3\)
\(=2x^3+6xy^2\)
\(=2x\left(x^2+6y^2\right)\)
b. \(x^3-y^3+2x^2-2y^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+2x+2y\right)\)
c. \(x^3-y^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
\(=\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)-y^3\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^3-y^3\)
\(=\left(x-1-y\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)y+y^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x^2+y^2+xy-2x-y+1\right)\)
a ) 36x2 - ( 3x - 2 )2
= ( 6x - 3x + 2 ) ( 6x + 3x - 2 )
= ( 3x + 2 ) ( 9x - 2 )
b ) 16.( 4x + 5 )2 - 25. ( 2x + 2 )2
= [ 4.( 4x + 5 ) + 5. ( 2x + 2 ) ] [ 4 .( 4x + 5 ) - 5. ( 2x + 2 ) ]
= ( 16x + 5 + 10x + 10 ) ( 16x + 5 - 10x - 10 )
= ( 26x + 15 ) ( 6x - 5 )
a ) 36x2 - ( 3x - 2 )2
= ( 6x - 3x + 2 ) ( 6x + 3x - 2 )
= ( 3x + 2 ) ( 9x - 2 )
b ) 16.( 4x + 5 )2 - 25. ( 2x + 2 )2
= [ 4.( 4x + 5 ) + 5. ( 2x + 2 ) ] [ 4 .( 4x + 5 ) - 5. ( 2x + 2 ) ]
= ( 16x + 5 + 10x + 10 ) ( 16x + 5 - 10x - 10 )
= ( 26x + 15 ) ( 6x - 5 )
A = x3 + 3x2 + 3x - 899
= (x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1) - 900
= (x + 1)3 - 900
= (29 + 1)3 - 900 = 303 - 900 = 26100
B = x3 - 6x2 + 12x + 10
= (x3 - 6x2 + 12x - 8) + 18
= (x - 2)3 + 18
= (12 - 2)3 + 18 = 103 + 18 = 1000 + 18 = 1018
c) C = 8x3 - 27y3
= (2x)3 - (3y)3
= (2x - 3y)(4x2 + 6xy + 9y2)
= (2x - 3y)(4x2 - 12xy + 9y2) + (2x - 3y).18xy
= (2x - 3y)(2x - 3y)2 + (2x - 3y).18xy
= (2x - 3y)3 + (2x - 3y).18xy
= 53 + 5.18.4
= 125 - 360
= -235
D = x3 + y3 + 3xy(x2 + y2) + 6x2y2(x + y)
= (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2) + 3x3y + 3xy3 + 6x2y2
= x2 + y2 - xy + 3x3y + 3xy3 + 6x2y2
= (x + y)2 - 3xy + 3x3y + 3xy3 + 6x2y2
= 1 - 3xy(2xy - 1) + 3xy(x2 + y2)
= 1 - 3xy(x2 + y2 + 2xy - 1)
= 1 - 3xy[(x + y)2 - 1]
= 1 - 0 = 1