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Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow56x+40y=10,4\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{25,55}{36,5}=0,7mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Ca+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+2y=0,7\left(2\right)\)
Tư (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-0,225mol\\y=0,575mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kết quả âm
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a______________________a (mol)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b_____________________b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=10,4\\a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot24}{10,4}\cdot100\%\approx46,15\%\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,1\right)\cdot98}{10\%}=294\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TN1: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_1}{56}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_1}{56}\left(mol\right)\)
TN2: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_2}{27}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_2}{18}\left(mol\right)\)
Mà: \(V_2=1,5V_1\Rightarrow\dfrac{V_1}{V_2}=\dfrac{1}{1,5}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_1}{n_2}=\dfrac{n_{H_2\left(Fe\right)}}{n_{H_2\left(Al\right)}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\dfrac{m_1}{56}}{\dfrac{m_2}{18}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{m_1}{m_2}=\dfrac{56}{27}\)
\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_M = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + Mb = 12\)
\(Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ M + 2HCl \to MCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a = 0,2 - b ( 0< b < 0,2)\)
Suy ra:
56(0,2 - b) + Mb = 12
\(\Rightarrow M = \dfrac{0,8 + 56b}{b}\)
Vì 0 < b < 0,12
Nên M > 62,67(1)
Mặt khác,
\(n_M > \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,35\\ \Rightarrow M < \dfrac{23,8}{0,35} = 68(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: 62,67 < M < 68
Do đó, M = 65(Zn) thì thỏa mãn
Vậy M là Zn(Kẽm)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo pt: \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=0,2\\27x+56y=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{470}\\y=\dfrac{37}{470}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{5,5}\cdot100\%=19,84\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-19,84\%=80,16\%\)
a)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,5=1\left(mol\right)\)
Giả sử hỗn hợp chỉ có Fe (Do MFe < MZn)
=> \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{37,2}{56}=\dfrac{93}{140}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
\(\dfrac{93}{140}\)--> \(\dfrac{93}{140}\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{93}{140}< 1\)
=> A tan hết
b)
Giả sử hỗn hợp chỉ có Zn (Do MFe < MZn)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{37,2.2}{65}=\dfrac{372}{325}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
\(\dfrac{372}{325}\)--> \(\dfrac{372}{325}\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{372}{325}>1\)
=> A không tan hết
a)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,5=1\left(mol\right)\)
Giả sử hỗn hợp chỉ có Fe (Do MFe < MZn)
=> \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{37,2}{56}=\dfrac{93}{140}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
\(\dfrac{93}{140}\)--> \(\dfrac{93}{140}\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{93}{140}< 1\)
=> A tan hết
b)
Giả sử hỗn hợp chỉ có Fe (Do MFe < MZn)
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=2.\dfrac{93}{140}=\dfrac{93}{70}>1\)
=> A không tan hết
a)
\(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{Mg} = a\ mol; n_{Fe} = b\ mol\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2 \)
Theo PTHH, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=5,2\\a+b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
Suy ra:
\(\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,1.24}{5,2}.100\% = 46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 46,15\% = 53,85\% \)
b)
\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,15.2 = 0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{1} = 0,3(lít) \)
Đặt :
nMg = a mol
nFe= b mol
mhh = 24a + 56b = 5.2 (g) (1)
Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2
Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2
nH2 = a + b = 0.15 (2)
(1) , (2)
a = 0.1
b = 0.05
%Mg = 2.4/5.2 * 100% = 46.15%
%Fe = 100 - 46.15 = 53.85%
nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0.05 * 2 + 0.1*2 = 0.3 (mol)
VddHCl = 0.3/1=0.3 (l)