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nFe = \(\dfrac{mFe}{MFe}\)=\(\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05mol\)
Fe+ 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
1 2 1 1
0,05->0,1->0,05->0,05
VddHCl = \(\dfrac{nHCl}{C_MHCl}\)=\(\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05l\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,4------------>0,4---->0,6
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
b)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,6------>0,6
=> mCu = 0,6.64 = 38,4 (g)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,2 0,2
a) \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}=0,2.74=14,8\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{ddspu}=8+100-\left(0,2.2\right)=107,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{14,8.100}{107,6}=13,75\)0/0
c)Pt : \(2HCl+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O|\)
2 1 1 2
0,4 0,2
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(l\right)\)
= 800ml
Chúc bạn học tốt
Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a. \(PTHH:4P+5O_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2P_2O_5\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{4}.n_P=\dfrac{5}{4}.0,2=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,5\left(lít\right)\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_P=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 4P+5O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2P_2O_5\\ a.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,25.32=8\left(g\right)\\ b.BTKLm_P+m_{O_2}=m_{P_2O_5}\\ \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=6,2+8=14,2\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.0,5=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,05.98=4,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_H=2.n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=\frac{n_H}{2}=\frac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,05.18=0,9\left(g\right)\)
Theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có:
\(m_{muoi}=m_{hhđ}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{H_2O}=2,81+4,9-0,9=6,81\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2/ Gọi CTHH của oxit M là M2Ox
\(M_2O_x\left(\frac{0,3}{x}\right)+2xHCl\left(0,6\right)\rightarrow2MCl_x+xH_2O\)
\(n_{HCl}=1.0,6=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{M_2O_x}=\frac{0,3}{x}.\left(2M+16x\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{56x}{3}\)
Thế x = 1, 2, 3, ... ta nhận x = 3, M = 56
Vậy công thức oxit đó là: Fe2O3
a) $n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{44,1}{98} = 0,45(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Al} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{Al} = 0,3.27 = 8,1(gam)$
b) $n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$\Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 =1 0,08(lít)$
c)
Cách 1 : $n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15.342 = 51,3(gam)$
Cách 2 : Bảo toàn khối lượng, $m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 8,1 + 44,1 - 0,45.2 = 51,3(gam)$
a) nFe= 0,25(mol)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
0,25______0,25______0,25__0,25(mol)
b) V(H2,đktc)=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)
c) mH2SO4= 0,25.98= 24,5(g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,6 1,2 0,6 0,6 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,6.56=33,6g\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,6.127=76,2g\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,2}{0,6}=2M\)
`Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2↑`
`0,3` `0,6` `0,3` `0,3` `(mol)`
`n_[H_2] = [ 6,72 ] / [ 22,4 ] = 0,3 (mol)`
`-> m_[Fe] = 0,3 . 56 = 16,8 (g)`
`-> m_[FeCl_2] = 0,3 . 127 = 38,1 (g)`
`b) C_[M_[HCl]] = [ 0,6 ] / [ 0,3 ] = 2 (M)`
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,3<---0,6<------0,3<-----0,3
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,3=38,1\left(g\right)\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\end{matrix}\right.\)