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Ta có : ( 5n + 2 )2 - 4 = ( 5n + 2 ) . ( 5n + 2 ) - 4 .
= 25n2 + 20n + 4 - 4 .
= 25n2 + 20n .
= 5 . ( 5n2 + 4n ) .
Do đó : ( 5n + 2 )2 - 4 ⋮ 5 .
Vậy bài toán được chúng minh .
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(\left(3n-1\right)^2-4\)
\(=\left(3n-1-2\right)\left(3n-1+2\right)\)
\(=\left(3n-3\right)\left(3n+1\right)\)
\(=3\cdot\left(n-1\right)\cdot\left(3n+1\right)⋮3\forall n\in N\)(đpcm)
b) Ta có: \(100-\left(7n+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left[10-\left(7n+3\right)\right]\left[10+\left(7n+3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(10-7n-3\right)\left(10+7n+3\right)\)
\(=\left(7-7n\right)\left(13+7n\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(1-n\right)\cdot\left(13+7n\right)⋮7\forall n\in N\)(đpcm)
c) Ta có: \(\left(3n+1\right)^2-25\)
\(=\left(3n+1-5\right)\left(3n+1+5\right)\)
\(=\left(3n-4\right)\left(3n+6\right)\)
\(=3\cdot\left(3n-4\right)\cdot\left(n+2\right)⋮3\forall n\in N\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(\left(4n+1\right)^2-9\)
\(=\left(4n+1-3\right)\left(4n+1+3\right)\)
\(=\left(4n-2\right)\left(4n+4\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(2n-1\right)\cdot4\cdot\left(n+1\right)\)
\(=8\cdot\left(2n-1\right)\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮8\forall n\in N\)(đpcm)
Bài 8:
a) Ta có: \(2^9-1=\left(2^3-1\right)\cdot\left(2^6+2^3+1\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(64+8+1\right)=7\cdot73⋮73\)(đpcm)
b) Ta có: \(5^6-10^4=5^4\cdot5^2-5^4\cdot2^4=5^4\left(5^2-2^4\right)\)
\(=5^4\left(25-16\right)=5^4\cdot9⋮9\)(đpcm)
c) Ta có: \(\left(n+3\right)^2-\left(n-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(n+3-n+1\right)\left(n+3+n-1\right)\)
\(=4\cdot\left(2n+2\right)=4\cdot2\cdot\left(n+1\right)=8\left(n+1\right)⋮8\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(\left(n+6\right)^2-\left(n-6\right)^2\)
\(=\left(n+6-n+6\right)\left(n+6+n-6\right)\)
\(=12\cdot2n=24n⋮24\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(2n^2\left(n+1\right)-2n\left(n^2+n-3\right)\)
\(=2n^3+2n^2-2n^3-2n^2+6n\)
\(=6n⋮6\)
1) \(2n^2\left(n+1\right)-2n\left(n^2+n-3\right)=2n^3+2n^2-2n^3-2n^2+6n=6n⋮6\forall n\in Z\)
2) \(n\left(3-2n\right)-\left(n-1\right)\left(1+4n\right)-1=3n-2n^2-4n^2+3n+1-1=-6n^2+6n=6\left(-n^2+n\right)⋮6\forall n\in Z\)
b) Ta có 10b-4b+3b=9b
mà 9b chia hết cho 9
hay 10b-4b+3b chia hết cho 9