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1. the last time played chess was in 2000
- i have not played chess since 2000.
2. i have never met such a famous person before
- it is the first time i have ever met such a famous person.
3. my friend's mother has been teaching english in this school for a long time
- my friend's mother started teaching english in this school a long time ago
4.she has never been so angry before
- this is the first time she has been so angry.
5. the last time it snowed here was six years ago
- it hasn't snowed here for six years.
6. he hasn't visited his parents for a year
- it's year since he last visited his parents.
7. john and mary moved to edinburgh twenty years ago
- it's now twenty years since John and Mary moved to Edinburgh.
8. john began playing the piano ten years ago
- john has played the piano for ten years.
9. i have never read such a romantic story
- this is the most romantic story I have ever read.
10. they last visited me five years ago
- they haven't visited me for five years.
11. he hasn't been back to his homework for 20 years now
- it's now 20 years since he last go back to his homework.
12. it's nearly twenty years since my father saw his brother
- my father hasn't seen his brother for nearly twenty years.
13. when did you last ride a bike ?
- how long have you not ridden a bike?
14. we haven't been to london since 1998
- the last time we went to London was in 1998.
15. my wait in the queue has lasted forty minutes so far
- i have been waiting in the queue for forty minutes.
16. i've never seen such a bad film as that one .
- that's the worst film I have ever seen.
17. the last time nancy came here was in 1968
- nancy hasn't come here since 1968.
18. how long have they lived in this city ?
- how long ago did they start to live in this city?
19. when did you first know him ?
- how long have you known him?
20. philips went on a trip around the world three years ago
- it's 3 years since philips went on a trip around the world.
Exercise 5 : Combine the following sentences , using Relative clause following a preposition :
1. She is the woman . I told you about her ..
->She is the woman about whom I told you
2. The song was interesting . We listened to it last night .
->The song to which we listened last night was interesting
3. The picture was beautiful . She was looking at it .
-> The picture at which she was looking was beautiful
4. I'll give you the address . You should write to it .
-> I'll give you the address to which you should write
5. The movie is fantastic . They are talking about it .
-> The movie about which they are talking is fantastic
6. Renewable energy sources are difficult topics . I'm not familiar with these topics .
-> Renewable energy sources with which I 'm not familiar are difficult topics
7. You live in a town . Do you like it ?
-> Do you like the town in which you live?
9. The house has just been pulled down . I used to live in this house .
-> The house in which I used to live has just been pulled down
10. They finally found the most beautiful church . In front of the church stood a statue .
-> They finally found the most beautiful church in front of which stood a statue
11. The taxi driver was friendly . He took me to the airport .
-> The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly
12. I liked the woman . I met her at the party last night .
-> I like the woman whom I met at the party last night
13. I must thank the people . I got a present from them ...
-> I must thank the people from whom I got a present
14. The city is beautiful . We spent our holiday in that city .
-> They city in which we spent our holiday is beautiful
15. The man is standing over there . I told you about him yesterday .
-> The man about whom I told you yesterday is standing over there
16. The man called the police . His wallet was stolen .
-> The man whom his wallet was stolen called the police
17. I have to call the man . I accidentally picked up his umbrella after the meeting .
-> I have to call the man whom I accidentally picked up his umbrella after the meeting
18. The mistakes are very important . You have to correct them .
-> The mistakes which you have to correct are very important
19. My grandfather has greatly influenced my life . He is a wise man .
-> My grandfather who is a wise man has greatly influenced my life
20. Dianna Jones has organized a your for senior citizens . He used to teach Spanish .
-> Dianna Jones who used to teach Spanish has organized a ..... for senior citizens
21. You are looking at the picture . What's the picture ?
-> What's the picture at which you are looking?
22. Sunday is the day . We can visit our parents on that day .
-> Sunday is the day on which we can visit our parents
1.She is the woman whom I told you about.
2.The song to which we listened last night was interesting.
3.The picture which she was looking at was beautiful.
4.I'll give you the address which you should write to.
5.The movie which they are talking about is fantastic.
6.Renewable energy sources are difficult topics which I'm not familiar with.
7.Do you like the town where you live?
9.The house where I used to live in has just been pulled down .
10.They finally found the most beautiful church which in front of the church stood a statue .
11.The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly.
12.I liked thw woman whom I met at the party last night.
13.I must thank the poeple whom I got a present from.
14.The city where we spent our holiday in is beautiful.
15.The man whom I told about yesterday is standing over there.
16.The man whose wallet was stolen called the police.
17.I have to call the man whose umbrella I accidentallt picked up after the meeting.
18.The mistakes which you have to correct are very important.
19.My grandfather who is a wise man has greatly influenced my life .
20.Dianna Jones who used to teach Spanish has organized a your for senior citizens .
21.What's the picture which you are looking at?
22.Sunday is the day when we can visit our parents.
EX1:
1. In most major cities of the United States, the mayor....... by a simple majority
a. is being elected
b. is elected
c. had been elected
d. were being elected
2. The traditions in our family ........ from generation, and I expect this will continue in the future
a. are going to be passed down
b. were being passed down
c. may have been passed
d. have been passed down
3. My passport...... last year while I was on vacation
a. is stolen
b. was stolen
c. will be stolen
d. was being stolen
4. Most of the email accounts at our company ..... by a virus last week
a. affected
b. was affected
c. were affected
d. have been affected
5. Over 400 babies ..... in our community last year
a. born
b. be born
c. are born
d. were born
6. It...is believed.....that supplies of oil and natural gas may be exhausted in under 100 years
7. Where.........that only men can become president of this club?
a it is written
b. is it written
c. is it being written
d. be believed
8. I think students..... to major in the sciences at this university for the past several years.
a.was being encouraged
b. are being encouraged
c. should be encouraged
d. have been encouraged
9. ...... a tour of the facilities? It is important for you to see everything
a. were you given
b. you could be given
c, you had been given
d, are you given
10. Many issues ....... at the meeting by the time you arrived
a. are raised
b. raised
c. had been raised
d, have been raised
11. Many important but rare species of plants ........ in the Amazon
a, finds
b. are finding
c. are found
d. is found
12. The people in the last row were ..... first
a.seating
b, seat
c. seated
d. been seated
13. Where..............?
a. those photos were taken
b, were those photos taken
c, have been taking those photos
d. those photos have been taken
14. Details of the accident will........ some time tomorrow
a. release
b, be released
c. are released
d, being released
15. In the past, it was...... that the sun revolved around the Earth
a. thinking
b, think
c, has thought
d, thought
16. Congratulations to Dr. Casey. She has ..... a" first- class sufgeon" by a national journal
a. be named
b, being named
c, been naming
d. been named
Exercise 1: RELATIVE CLAUSES : Choose the best answer to complete these sentences.
1. An architect is someone ……………designs buildings.
A. who B. that C. which D. it
2. That is the new teacher about……….the students are talking.
A. that B. who C. whose D. whom
3. This subject,…………..going to discuss, is very important.
A. which we are B. which are we C. that we are D. A and C are correct
4. I come from a city …………..is located in the southern part of the country.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
EX2: REPORTED SPEECH: Choose the best answer to complete these sentences.
1. Julia said that she…………….. there at noon.
A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be
2. He………….. that he was leaving way that afternoon.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me
3. She said to me that she……………. to me the Sunday before.
A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had written
4.I ………….him to sell that old motorbike.
A. said to B. suggested C. advised D. recommended
5. I wondered………………….. the right thing.
A. whether I was doing B. if I am doing C. was I doing D. am I doing
6. I asked Martha…………… to enter law school.
A. are you planning B. is she planning C. was she planning D. if she was planning
7. Nam wanted to know what time……………….
A. does the movie begin B. did the movie begin C. the movie begins D. the movie began
9. The scientist said the earth ……………..the sun.
A. goes round B. is going around C. went around D. was going around
10. They said that they had been driving through the desert...........
A. the previous day B. yesterday C. the last day D. Sunday previously
1. That is the man who bought her car last month.
2. Those are the books which he has just bought from the bookstore.
3. The students who are sitting in front now are from China.
4. I like the girl whom I met at the party last night.
5. The boy who won the race yesterday is very happy.
6. The teacher liked the composition which she wrote last Monday.
7. The people whom we visited two weeks ago were very friendly.
8. The book which was written by Jane Austen is very interesting.
9. The lady whom I spoke to her an hour ago gave me good advice.
10. Is that the computer which your father bought last month ?
viet lai cau su dung quan he tu
That is the man. He bought her car last month.
--> that is the man who bought her car last month
Those are the books.He has just bought them from the bookstore
--> those are the books which he has just bought from the bookstore
The students are from China. They are sitting in front now
--> the students who are sitting in front now are from China
I like the girl. I met her at the party last night
--> i like the girl who i met at the party last night
The boy is very happy. He won the race yesterday
--> the boy who won the race yesterday is very happy
The teacher liked the composiyion.She wrote it last Monday
--> the teacher liked the composiyion which she wrote last monday
The people were very friendly. We visited them two weeks ago
--> the people who visited them two weeks ago were very frinedly
The book is very interesting.It was written by Jane Austen
-->the book which was written by jane austen is very interesting
The lady gave me good advice. I spoke to her an hour ago
--> the lady who i spoke to an hour ago have me good advice
Is that the computer? Your father bought it last month
--> is that the computer which your father bought last month?
1.She hasn't performed for ten years ago.
2.He spent nearly two hours doing the washing up.
3.It took him two hours to study for the test.
5.I last worked for him six months ago.
10.They spent two hours finishing their homework.
12,I haven't seen him since I was in high school.
Ex1. Fill prepositions into blanks
1. He will have a meeting..........AT.......... 8 o'clock tomorrow
2. We always go to school..................IN............. the morning
3. Her birthday is....................ON.............. May 25th
4. There were a football match on TV...........FROM................... 9pm to 10:45pm last night
5. Last month, I visited my uncle and I was staying....................ON.................the farm for a month
6. We always go to class...........ON................................... time
7. Children often receive lucky money from their parents and relative..................ON.............. Tet holidays
8. Mr. Baker often watches TV ...............IN........................... the evenings
9. He wishes he will become a doctor..................IN................... the future
10. ............AT......................Chirstmas, good childre often receive presents from the Sana Claus
11. I am afraid to go out alone......................AT................... night
12. He was born..............IN............... 1994
13. I will go to the market....................NOW............................., I will buy you some candies
14. We heard that news.................on............... TV last nght
15. There was a trading meeting....................BETWEEN........................ 7am and 11am last Friday
16. I aways fimish the tests...............IN............................. time
17. We brought along a raincoat just...................IN........................ case it rained
18. He is......................OUT...................... of work now and he is looking for another job
19. This shirt is........................OUT....................... of date. I have to buy another
20. The paople shouted"rubber! rubber!" and the police came.............AT..................... once
21. ...............AT......................... first we didn;t know who he was but after that we knew he was a famous singer
22. I saw him................ON...................... the way to the movies
23. I am going to the market...................ON........................... the way, I will buy you some candies
24. They heard that news...............ON............... the radio last night
Ex2. Fill preposotions
1. Don't worry so much, my friens! You should care..........OF............. your health
2. He never stops complaining to his boss...................ABOUT................. the working conditions at the factory
3. If you want to pass the examination successfully, you should concentrate more......ON.............. these grammar lesseons
4. Do you think that our plan will depend much........ON............... the weather
5. I have just seen a terrible accident. A car crashed...............TO................. motorbike right at the concert of the street
Combine these sentences using : That , which , who , whom or whose
1. A woman answered the phone . She told me you was busy .
=> A woman who told me you was busy answered the phone.
2. The bus is always crowded . I take it to school every morning .
=> The bus which I take to school every morning is always crowded.
3. They are singing a song. I don’t know the song .
=> They are singing a song which I don't know.
4. A man spoke to me . He was very helpful .
=> A man who was very helpful spoke to me.
5. A midwife is a woman. She assists other women in childbirth .
=> A midwife is a woman who assists other women in childbirth.
6. They are the children . Their team won the match .
=> They are the children whose team won the match.
7. The house is for sale . It has the green shutters .
=> The house which has the green shutters is for sale.
8. My farther bought a motorbike . The motorbike costs 2 thousand dollars.
=> My father bought a motorbike which costs 2 thousand dollars
9. They are the postcards . I sent them from Australia.
=> They are the postcards which I sent from Astralia.
10. The house has been built in the forest . It doesn’t have electricity
=> The house which doesn't have electricity has been built in the forest.
11. The girl chatted with him yesterday . She arrived here at 6 : 30.
=> The girl who arrived here at 6:30 chatted with him yesterday.
12. I’m reading the book . I bought it in London in 1996 .
=> I'm reading the book which I bought in London in 1996.
13. Trang couldn’t come to the party . This was perfectly true.
=>Trang couldn't come to the party which was perfectly true.
14. Do you know the girl ? Tom is talking to the girl.
=> Do you know the girl whom Tom is talking to?
15. Tuan speaks English very well . He comes from Vietnam.
=>Tuan, who comes from Vietnam, speaks English very well.
16. The man invited me to his party . He was really polite .
=> The man who was really polite invited me to his party.
17. A lion is an animal . This animal lives in Africa .
=> A lion is an animal that lives in Africa.
18. I have a class . It begins at 8 a.m .
=> I have a class which begins at 8 a.m.
19. A globe is a ball . This ball has a map of the world on it .
=> A globe is a ball which has a map of the world on it.
20. The soup was too salty . I had it for lunch .
=> The soup which I had for lunch was too salty.
21.We are visiting Ha Long . Ha Long is in the north of Vietnam.
=> We are visiting Ha Long, which is in the north of Vietnam.
22. My father is a doctor . He has gone to abroad .
=> My father, who has gone to abroad, is a doctor.
23. Ms Kim Anh will be our History teacher next semester . You talked with her yesterday .
=> Ms Kim Anh, whom you talked with yesterday, will be our History teacher next semester.
24. The watch belongs to Lam . It is in the bathroom .
=> The watch which is in the bathroom belongs to Lam.
25. Do you know the new student ? I can’t remember his name .
=> Do you know the new student whose name I can't remember?
26. Mary is a bit deaf . She didn’t hear the phone.
=> Mary, who didn't hear the phone, is a bit deaf.
27. We’ll meet Peter tomorrow . He has 2 brothers and one sister .
=> Tomorrow we'll meet Peter, who has 2 brothers and one sister.
28. We are talking to Viet Nam . Viet Nam has a population of 87 million people.
=> We are talking to Vietnam, which has a population of 87 million people.
29. We are talking to Viet Nam . Its population is 87 million people .
=> We are talking to Vietnam, the population of which is 87 million people.
30. I should phone the man . I borrowed his car yesterday .
=> I should phone the man whose car I borrowed yesterday.
31. She can’t speak English . It is a disadvantage .
=> She can't speak English, which is a disadvantage.
32. I’m staying with Henry . His father works in a bank
=> I'm staying with Henry, whose father works in a bank.
33. Do you remember Mrs Lan ? She taught us History.
=> Do you remember Mrs Lan who taught us History?
34. The museum was built in 1805 . Our class visited it last weekend.
=> The museum which our class visited last weekend was built in 1805.
35. The man works in the hospital . I told you about him .
=> The man whom I told you about works in the hospital.
36. Do you like the person ? The person sits next to you .
=> Do you like the person who sits next to you?
37. The house costs a lot of money . My father bought it last year .
=> The house which my father bought last year costs a lot of money.
38. We are visiting the children . Their parents died in the storm .
=> We are visiting the children whose parents died in the storm.
39. My sister is rather childish . She was trained to be a sewer .
=> My sister, who was trained to be a sewer, is rather childish.
40. Colin told me about his new job . He enjoys it very much .
=> Colin told me about his new job, which he enjoys very much.
41 . We know a lot of people . They live in London .
=> We know a lot of people who live in London.
42. We know her grandparents . They live in London.
=> We know her grandparents who live in London.
43. We met some people . Their car had broken down .
=> We met some people whose car had broken down.
44. We stayed at the Cau Vong hotel . Nam recommended it to us .
=> we stayed at the Cau Vong hotel, which Nam recommended to us.
45. Jane works for a company . It makes shoes .
=> Jane works for a company which makes shoes.
46. She told me her address . I wrote down it on a piece of paper .
=> She told me her address which I wrote down on a piece of paper.
47. There are some words . They are very difficult to translate.
=> There are some words which are very difficult to translate.
48. John is one of my closest friends . I have known him for a very long time .
=> John, whom I have known for a very long time, is one of my friends.
49. A pacifist is a person . He believes that all wars are wrong .
=> A pacifist is a person who believes that all wars are wrong.
50. What is the name of the man ? You borrowed his car .
=> What is the name of the man whose car you borrowed?
51. This watch costs a lot of money . I have lost the watch .
=> This watch, which I have lost, costs a lot of money.
52. We were given a lot of information . Most of the information was useless .
=> We were given a lot of information, most of which was useless.