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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a^2=b^2+c^2-bc\Rightarrow bc=b^2+c^2-a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow cosA=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{bc}{2bc}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow A=60^0\)
Tương tự: \(ac=a^2+c^2-b^2\Rightarrow cosB=\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow B=60^0\)
\(\Rightarrow C=180^0-\left(A+B\right)=60^0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=B=C=60^0\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) đều
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1.
Áp dụng công thức trung tuyến:
\(m_b^2+m_c^2=\dfrac{2a^2+2c^2-b^2}{4}+\dfrac{2a^2+2b^2-c^2}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{4a^2+b^2+c^2}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{9a^2+b^2+c^2-5a^2}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{9\left(b^2+c^2\right)+b^2+c^2-5a^2}{4}\)
\(=5\left(\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{2}-\dfrac{a^2}{4}\right)=5m_a\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có : \(cos2A+2\sqrt{2}\left(cosB+cosC\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sin^2A+2\sqrt{2}.2.cos\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right).cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2A-4\sqrt{2}.sin\dfrac{A}{2}.cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin^2A-2\sqrt{2}.sin\dfrac{A}{2}.cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)+1=0\)
\(\Delta\) ABC không tù nên \(cos\dfrac{A}{2}\ge cos45^o=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Suy ra : VT \(\ge sin^2A-4.cos\dfrac{A}{2}.sin\dfrac{A}{2}.cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)+1=K\)
Thấy : \(K=sin^2A-2.sinA.cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)+cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)^2+1-cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(sinA-cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)\right)^2+sin^2\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)\ge0\)
Suy ra : \(VT\ge K\ge0=VP\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sinA=cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)\\sin\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sinA=cos0^o=1\\B=C\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A=\dfrac{\pi}{2}\\B=C=\dfrac{\pi}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) ( do \(A+B+C=\pi\) )
Vậy ...
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
định lý hàm số sin:
a/ \(\frac{a}{sinA}=\frac{b}{sinB}=\frac{c}{sinC}=\)2R
=> a = 2R.sinA = 2R.sin[180o - (B+C)] = 2R.sin(B+C)
và b = 2R.sinB; c = 2R.sinC thay vào (*) được:
\(\frac{2R\times sinB}{cosB}+\frac{2R\times sinC}{cosC}=\frac{2R\times sin\left(B+C\right)}{sinBsinC}\)
<=>sinB/cosB + sinC/cosC = sin(B+C)/(sinB.sinC)
<=> sin(B+C)/(cosBcosC) = sin(B+C)/(sinB.sinC)
<=> cosBcosC = sinB.sinC
<=> cosBcosC - sinB.sinC = 0
<=> cos(B+C) = 0
<=> B+C = 90o
vậy tam giác ABC vuông tại A
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
b/cosB+c/cosC=a/sinB.sinC (*)
Áp dụng định lý hàm số sin:
a/sinA = b/sinB = c/sinC = 2R
=> a = 2R.sinA = 2R.sin[1800 - (B+C)] = 2R.sin(B+C)
và b = 2R.sinB; c = 2R.sinC thay vào (*) được:
2R.sinB/cosB + 2RsinC/cosC = 2R.sin(B+C)/(sinB.sinC)
<=>sinB/cosB + sinC/cosC = sin(B+C)/(sinB.sinC)
<=> sin(B+C)/(cosBcosC) = sin(B+C)/(sinB.sinC)
<=> cosBcosC = sinB.sinC
<=> cosBcosC - sinB.sinC = 0
<=> cos(B+C) = 0
<=> B+C = 900
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Giả thiết tương đương:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4+2b^2c^2=2a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2b^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2=2a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2b^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)^2=2b^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2-a^2=\pm\sqrt{2}bc\)
\(cosA=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{\pm\sqrt{2}bc}{2bc}=\pm\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}A=45^0\\A=135^0\end{matrix}\right.\)