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b/ ĐKXĐ; ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3+3x^2+3x+1-16x-16=\frac{8}{y^3}-\frac{8}{y}\\5\left(x^2+2x+2\right)=1+\frac{4}{y^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^3-16\left(x+1\right)=\frac{8}{y^3}-\frac{8}{y}\\5\left(x+1\right)^2=\frac{4}{y^2}-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=a\\\frac{1}{y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3-16a=8b^3-8b\\5a^2=4b^2-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3-8b^3=16a-8b\\4=-5a^2+4b^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhân vế với vế:
\(4\left(a^3-8b^3\right)=4\left(4a-2b\right)\left(-5a^2+4b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow21a^3-10a^2b-16ab^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(21a^2-10ab-16b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(7a-8b\right)\left(3a+2b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\7a=8b\\3a=-2b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y+xy\left(x^2+y\right)+xy+1=-\frac{1}{4}\\x^4+y^2+2x^2y+xy+1=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2+y+1\right)\left(xy+1\right)=-\frac{1}{4}\\\left(x^2+y\right)^2+xy+1=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y=a\\xy+1=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+1\right)b=-\frac{1}{4}\\a^2+b=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+1\right)b=-\frac{1}{4}\\b=-\frac{1}{4}-a^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(-\frac{1}{4}-a^2\right)=-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3+4a^2+a=0\Leftrightarrow a\left(2a+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\Rightarrow b=-\frac{1}{4}\\a=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow b=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y=0\\xy+1=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-x^2\\-x^3=-\frac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y=-\frac{1}{2}\\xy+1=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\frac{1}{2}-x^2\\x\left(-\frac{1}{2}-x^2\right)=-\frac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\)
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2-3\left|x+2\right|=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|^2-3\left|x+2\right|=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+2\right|=0\\\left|x+2\right|=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x+2=3\\x+2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|^2-3\left|x+2\right|-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x+2\right|+1\right)\left(\left|x+2\right|-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=4\\x+2=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x^2-3\right|^2-6\left|x^2-3\right|+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x^2-3\right|-1\right)\left(\left|x^2-3\right|-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x^2-3\right|=1\\\left|x^2-3\right|=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3=1\\x^2-3=-1\\x^2-3=5\\x^2-3=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=4\\x^2=2\\x^2=8\\x^2=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left|x-2\right|^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\frac{2\left|x-4\right|}{x-1}=3\)
Đặt \(\frac{\left|x-2\right|}{x-1}=a\)
\(a^2+2a-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|=x-1\\\left|x-2\right|=-3\left(x-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|=x-1\left(x\ge1\right)\\\left|x-2\right|=3-3x\left(x\le1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x-1\left(vn\right)\\x-2=1-x\\x-2=3-3x\\x-2=3x-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3}{2}\\x=\frac{4}{5}\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
e/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\left|\frac{2x-1}{x+2}\right|=a>0\)
\(a-\frac{2}{a}=1\Leftrightarrow a^2-a-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\left(l\right)\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left|\frac{2x-1}{x+2}\right|=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=2\left(x+2\right)\\2x-1=-2\left(x+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
ĐKXĐ:.........
PT \(\Leftrightarrow (4x^2-12x+11)-5\sqrt{4x^2-12x+11}-11=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{4x^2-12x+11}=t\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2-5t-11=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} t=\frac{5+\sqrt{69}}{2}\\ t=\frac{5-\sqrt{69}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\). Vì $t$ không âm nên \(t=\frac{5+\sqrt{69}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow 4x^2-12x+11=t^2=\frac{47+5\sqrt{69}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4x^2-12x-\frac{25+5\sqrt{69}}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{4}\left(6\pm \sqrt{86+10\sqrt{69}}\right)\) (thỏa mãn)
Vậy...........
P/s: Thực chất chỉ cần có hướng làm là được, nhưng đề ra dở ở cái số quá xấu chỉ tổ làm vất học sinh chứ không giải quyết được gì có ích.
a) Đặt \(t=\left|2x-\dfrac{1}{x}\right|\Leftrightarrow t^2=\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2=4x^2-4+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\Leftrightarrow t^2+4=4x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\) ĐK \(t\ge0\)
từ có ta có pt theo biến t : \(t^2+4+t-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+t-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\left(nh\right)\\t=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-\dfrac{1}{x}\right|=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\dfrac{1}{x}=1\\2x-\dfrac{1}{x}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-x-1=0\\2x^2+x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-1\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c: TH1: x>0
Pt sẽ là \(\dfrac{x^2-1}{x\left(x-2\right)}=2\)
=>2x^2-4x=x^2-1
=>x^2-4x+1=0
hay \(x=2\pm\sqrt{3}\)
TH2: x<0
Pt sẽ là \(\dfrac{x^2-1}{-x\left(x-2\right)}=2\)
=>-2x(x-2)=x^2-1
=>-2x^2+4x=x^2-1
=>-3x^2+4x+1=0
hay \(x=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{7}}{3}\)
b:
TH1: 2x^3-x>=0
\(4x^4+6x^2\left(2x^3-x\right)+1=0\)
=>4x^4+12x^5-6x^3+1=0
\(\Leftrightarrow x\simeq-0.95\left(loại\right)\)
TH2: 2x^3-x<0
Pt sẽ là \(4x^4+6x^2\left(x-2x^3\right)+1=0\)
=>4x^4+6x^3-12x^5+1=0
=>x=0,95(loại)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+4}+\sqrt{x-4}=a>0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2=2x+2\sqrt{x^2-16}\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(a=a^2-12\Leftrightarrow a^2-a-12=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\a=-3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+4}+\sqrt{x-4}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+2\sqrt{x^2-16}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-16}=8-x\left(x\le8\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-16=x^2-16x+64\)
\(\Rightarrow x=5\)
b/ \(x\ge-\frac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+1}=a\\\sqrt{4x^2-2x+1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:
\(a+3b=3+ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab-a-\left(3b-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b-1\right)-3\left(b-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-3\right)\left(b-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+1}=3\\\sqrt{4x^2-2x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=9\\4x^2-2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=0\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2-4xy-5=0\\4xy\left(x+2y\right)+5\left(x+2y\right)-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y\right)^2-\left(4xy+5\right)=0\\\left(4xy+5\right)\left(x+2y\right)-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=a\\4xy+5=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-b=0\\ab=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2-\frac{1}{a}=0\Rightarrow a^3-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=1\\4xy+5=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-2y\\4y\left(1-2y\right)+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-2y\\-8y^2+4y+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=1\Rightarrow x=-1\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/Cộng vế với vế:
\(17x^2-2\left(4y^2+1\right)x+y^4+1=0\)
\(\Delta'=\left(4y^2+1\right)^2-17\left(y^4+1\right)=-y^4+8y^2-16\)
\(\Delta'=-\left(y^2-4\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow y^2-4=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(y=2\) \(\Rightarrow x^2-2x+1=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(\)- Với \(y=-2\Rightarrow x^2-2x-7=0\Rightarrow x=1\pm2\sqrt{2}\)
Nhầm, cái đầu là x=-2 chứ :D
\(\left(x+2\right)^2-3\left|x+2\right|=0\)
Đặt \(\left|x+2\right|=t\ge0\) pt trở thành:
\(t^2-3t=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+2\right|=0\\\left|x+2\right|=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x+2=3\\x+2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)