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Lời giải:
Vì \(7^3\equiv 1\pmod 9\) nên xét modulo $3$ cho $x$ :
+ Nếu \(x=3k\) :
\(\Rightarrow t(x)=7^{6k+1}-144k-7=7.7^{6k}-144k-7\equiv 7-144k-7\equiv 0\pmod 9\)
+ Nếu \(x=3k+1\):
\(\Rightarrow t(x)=7^{6k+3}-144k-55=7^3.7^{6k}-144k-55\equiv 7^3-55\equiv 0\pmod 9\)
+ Nếu \(x=3k+2\):
\(\Rightarrow t(x)=7^{6k+5}-144x-103=7^5.7^{6k}-144k-103\equiv 7^5-103\equiv 0\pmod 9\)
Từ 3 TH trên , suy ra \(t(x)\vdots 9\) $(1)$
Mặt khác:
\(t(x)=7(7^{2x}-1)-48x=7(7^x-1)(7^x+1)-48x\)
\( \bullet\) Nếu \(x\) chẵn, đặt $x=2t$ :
\(t(x)=7(7^t-1)(7^t+1)(7^x+1)-96t\)
+ $t$ lẻ:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} 7^t-1\vdots 2\\ 7^x+1\vdots 2\\ 7^t+1\equiv (-1)^t+1\equiv 0\pmod 8\\ 96t\vdots 32\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow 7(7^t-1)(7^t+1)(7^x+1)-96t\vdots 32\)
\(\Rightarrow t(x)\vdots 32\)
+ $t$ chẵn:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} 7^t-1\equiv (-1)^t-1\equiv 0\pmod 8\\ 7^x+1\vdots 2\\ 7^t+1\vdots 2\\ 96t\vdots 32\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow 7(7^t-1)(7^t+1)(7^x+1)-96t\vdots 32\)
\(\Rightarrow t(x)\vdots 32\)
\(\bullet \) Nếu \(x\) lẻ, đặt $x=2t+1$
Khi đó \(t=7(7^x-1)(7^x+1)-96t-48\)
Có \(\left\{\begin{matrix} 7^x+1\equiv (-1)^x+1= (-1)^{2t+1}+1\equiv 0\pmod 8\\ 7^x-1\vdots 2\\ 7^x-1\equiv (-1)^x-1=(-1)^{2t+1}-1\equiv -2\pmod 4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó, \(7(7^x-1)(7^x+1)\) chia hết cho $16$ mà không chia hết cho $32$
Suy ra \(7(7^x-1)(7^x+1)=32k+16\Rightarrow t(x)=32k-96t-32\vdots 32\)
Từ 2TH trên, ta thu được \(t(x)\vdots 32(2)\)
Từ \((1),(2), UCLN(9,32)=1\Rightarrow t(x)\vdots (9.32=288)\) (đpcm)
\(\)
1: \(x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\forall x\)
2: \(2x^2+2x+1\)
\(=2\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}>0\forall x\)
3:
\(x^2+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy=7^2+2\cdot60=169\)
\(x^4+y^4=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2\cdot\left(xy\right)^2\)
\(=169^2-2\cdot60^2=21361\)
\(2x^2+2x+1=x^2+x^2+2x+1=x^2+\left(x+1\right)^2\)
Nếu \(x^2\ge0\) thì \(\left(x+1\right)^2>0\)
Ngược lại \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\) thì \(x^2>0\)
=> x2 + (x + 1)2 > 0 \(\forall x\)
hay \(2x^2+2x+1>0\forall x\)
--> đpcm
\(=x^2+x^2+2x+1\)
\(=x^2+\left(x+1\right)^2\)
Ta có: (x+1)2 \(\ge\) 0 với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow\) x2 + (x+1)2 > 0 với mọi x
Vậy bài toán trên luôn dương
1) \(\left(5-2x\right)\left(2x+7\right)=4x^2-25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4x^2 + 14x - 10x - 35=4x^2-25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x^2+14x-10x=35-25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{10}{4}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
2) \(x^2-4x+5\)
\(=-(4x-x^2-5 )\)
\(= -[-(x^2-4x)-5 ]\)
\(=-[ -(x^2-2x.2+4-4)-5 ]\)
\(= -[-(x-2)^2+4-5 ]\)
\(= -[-(x-2)^2-1 ]\)
Vì \(-(x-2)^2 ≤0\)\(\forall x\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(-(x-2)^2-1<0\) \(\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(-[-(x-2)^2-1 ]>0\)\(\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-4x+5>0\)\(\forall x\)
Lời giải:
Biến đổi: \(q(x)=9.81^x+15.25^x+2.8^x+8.64^x\)
Lại có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} 81\equiv 13\pmod {17}\rightarrow 81^k\equiv 13^k\pmod {17}\\ 25\equiv 8\pmod {17}\rightarrow 25^k\equiv 8^k\pmod {17}\\ 64\equiv 13\pmod {17}\rightarrow 64^k\equiv 13^k\pmod {17}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó, \(q(x)\equiv 9.13^k+15.8^k+2.8^k+8.13^k\pmod {17}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow q(x)\equiv 17.13^k+17.8^k\equiv 0\pmod {17}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow q(x)\vdots 17\) (đpcm)
a) (x - 7)(2x + 8) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-7=0\\2x+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\2x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S = {7; -4}
b) Tương tự câu a
c) (x - 1)(2x + 7)(x2 + 2) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2x+7=0\\x^2+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà: x2 + 2 > 0 với mọi x
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\2x=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(S=\left\{1;-\dfrac{7}{2}\right\}\)
d) (2x - 1)(x + 8)(x - 5) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\x+8=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=1\\x=-8\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-8\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{1}{2};-8;5\right\}\)
a/ Pt \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-7=0\\2x+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{7;-4\right\}\)
b/ pt \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+1=0\\5x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ pt \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\) (\(x^2+2>0\forall x\))\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ pt \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\x+8=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-8\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)