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PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{10}{40}=0,125\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,125\cdot98}{10\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,125\cdot142=17,75\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{17,75}{10+122,5}\cdot100\%\approx13,4\%\)
a)
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H-2$
b) $n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{Mg} = \dfrac{4,8}{24} = 0,2(mol)$
$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.98}{200}.100\% = 9,8\%$
$n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ A} = 4,8 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 204,4(gam)$
$C\%_{MgSO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.120}{204,4}.100\% = 11,7\%$
c) $V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2(mol)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ a,V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ b,m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{9,8\%}=200(g)\\ c,C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.152}{11,2+200-0,2.2}.100\%=14,42\%\)
a)
PTHH :
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
b)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\text{dd}H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot98}{9,8\%}=100\left(g\right)\)
c)
\(m_{\text{dd}\left(sau\right)}=100+6,5-0,1.2=106,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{\text{dd}\left(sau\right)}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot161}{106,3}\cdot100\%=15,15\left(\%\right)\)
\(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{7,8}{78}=0,1mol\\ 2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\\ 0,1................0,15.............0,05............0,3\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{300}\cdot100\%=4,9\%\\ C_{\%Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{7,8+300}\cdot100\%=5,56\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{28,4}{62}=\dfrac{71}{155}\left(mol\right)\)
a. \(PTHH:Na_2O+H_2SO_4--->Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{71}{155}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=98.\dfrac{71}{155}=\dfrac{6958}{155}\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{6958}{155}}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=9,8\%\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}\approx458\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{71}{155}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{71}{155}.142=\dfrac{10082}{155}\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{dd_{Na_2SO_4}}=28,4+458=486,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{\%_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{10082}{155}}{486,4}.100\%=13,37\%\)
\(a,PTHH:Na_2O+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{28,4}{62}\approx0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{H_2SO_4}}=0,5\cdot98=49\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{49\cdot100\%}{9,8\%}=500\left(g\right)\)
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