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a)
Đặt
\(\sqrt{1+x}=a; \sqrt{1-x}=b\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} ab=\sqrt{(1+x)(1-x)}=\sqrt{1-x^2}\\ a\geq b\\ a^2+b^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó:
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{1-\sqrt{1-x^2}}(\sqrt{(1+x)^3}+\sqrt{(1-x)^3})}{2-\sqrt{1-x^2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}-ab}(a^3+b^3)}{a^2+b^2-ab}=\frac{\sqrt{\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{2}}(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)}{a^2+b^2-ab}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{2}}(a+b)=\sqrt{\frac{(a-b)^2}{2}}(a+b)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}|a-b|(a+b)\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(a-b)(a+b)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(a^2-b^2)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}[(1+x)-(1-x)]=\sqrt{2}x\)
Sửa đề: \(\frac{25}{(x+z)^2}=\frac{16}{(z-y)(2x+y+z)}\)
Ta có:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau thì:
\(k=\frac{a}{x+y}=\frac{5}{x+z}=\frac{a+5}{2x+y+z}=\frac{5-a}{z-y}\) ($k$ là một số biểu thị giá trị chung)
Khi đó:
\(\frac{16}{(z-y)(2x+y+z)}=\frac{25}{(x+z)^2}=(\frac{5}{x+z})^2=k^2\)
Mà: \(k^2=\frac{a+5}{2x+y+z}.\frac{5-a}{z-y}=\frac{25-a^2}{(2x+y+z)(z-y)}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{16}{(z-y)(2x+y+z)}=\frac{25-a^2}{(2x+y+z)(z-y)}\Rightarrow 16=25-a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2=9\Rightarrow a=\pm 3\)
Suy ra:
\(Q=\frac{a^6-2a^5+a-2}{a^5+1}=\frac{a^5(a-2)+(a-2)}{a^5+1}=\frac{(a-2)(a^5+1)}{a^5+1}=a-2=\left[\begin{matrix}
1\\
-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{12x-1}}\) xác định \(\Leftrightarrow12x-1>0\Leftrightarrow12x>1\Leftrightarrow x>\dfrac{1}{12}\)
\(b,\sqrt{\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\) xác định \(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2\ge0\\x-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2\le0\\x-1\le0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-\dfrac{2}{3}\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-\dfrac{2}{3}\\x\le1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-\dfrac{2}{3}\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\sqrt{3x-2}.\sqrt{x-1}\) xác định \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2\ge0\\x-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\ge1\)
\(d,\sqrt{\dfrac{-2\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{23}}{-x+5}}\) xác định \(\Leftrightarrow-x+5>0\Leftrightarrow x< 5\)
a,\(\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}+\sqrt{x+8-6\sqrt{x-1}}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1+4\sqrt{x-1+4}}+\sqrt{x-1-6\sqrt{x-1}+9}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1+2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1-3}\right)^2}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+2+|\sqrt{x-1}-3|=5\Leftrightarrow|\sqrt{x-1}-3|=3-\sqrt{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-3\le0\left(|A|=-A\Leftrightarrow A\le0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\le3\Leftrightarrow0\le x-1\le3^2\Leftrightarrow1\le x\le10\)
Nghiệm của phương trình đã cho là : \(1\le x\le10\)
b, \(\left(4x+1\right)\left(12x-1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(4x+1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\right]\left[\left(12x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\right]=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(12x^2+8x+3x+2\right)\left(12x^2+12x-x-1\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(12x^2+11x+2\right)\left(12x^2+11x-1\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(12x^2+11x+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{3}{2}\right)\left(12x^2+11x+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{3}{2}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(12x^2+11x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=4\Leftrightarrow\left(12x^2+11x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=4+\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(12x^2+11x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}12x^2+11x+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\\12x^2+11x+\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}12x^2+11x-2=0\left(1\right)\\12x^2+11x+3=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Giải (1) \(\Delta=121+96=217\)
\(x_1=\frac{-11+\sqrt{217}}{24};x_2=\frac{-11-\sqrt{217}}{24}\)
Giải (2) \(\Delta=121-144=-23< 0\).Phương trình vô nghiệm.
Phương trình có 2 nghiệm phân biệt :
\(x_1=\frac{-11+\sqrt{217}}{24};x_2=\frac{-11-\sqrt{217}}{24}\)
Sửa lại đề: cho x, y, z dương thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xz}+\dfrac{1}{yz}=1\)
Chứng minh \(A=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{xz\left(1+y^2\right)}}+\dfrac{z}{\sqrt{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Giải:
Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x};b=\dfrac{1}{y};c=\dfrac{1}{z}\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{bc}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{a^2}\right)}}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{b}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{ac}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)}}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{ab}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{a^2+1}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ac}{b^2+1}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c^2+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{a^2+ab+bc+ac}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ac}{b^2+ab+bc+ac}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c^2+ab+bc+ac}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ac}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+c}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\) hay \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Đề bài này có rất nhiều vấn đề, đầu tiên không có điều kiện x, y, z gì cả? Dương? Â? Bằng 0? Khác 0?
Sau nữa là chiều của BĐT cũng có vấn đề nốt, mình thử với \(x=y=2;z=\dfrac{4}{3}\) thì vế trái ra \(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{30}}{5}\) mà theo casio cho biết thì số này nhỏ hơn \(\dfrac{3}{2}\) , vậy BĐT cũng sai luôn
a: \(A=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)+3}{\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x^2+x\sqrt{3}+3\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2+3+x\sqrt{3}}{x\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{3}}{\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x^2+x\sqrt{3}+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x^2+x\sqrt{3}+3}{x\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-\sqrt{3}}\)
b: \(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x-\sqrt{x}+1}+x+1\)
\(=x-\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}+x+1\)
\(=x-2\sqrt{x}+1\)
c: \(C=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-2-\left(x-\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=2\)
Bài 3.a) ( x + 2)( x + 3)( x + 4)(x + 5) = 24
⇔ ( x2 + 7x + 10 )( x2 + 7x + 12) = 24
Đặt : x2 + 7x + 11 = t , ta có :
( t - 1)( t + 1) = 24
⇔ t2 - 25 = 0
⇔ t = 5 hoặc t = -5
+) Với : t = 5 , ta có :
x2 + 7x + 11 = 5
⇔ x2 + x + 6x + 6 = 0
⇔ x( x + 1) + 6( x + 1) = 0
⇔ ( x + 1)( x + 6) = 0
⇔ x = -1 hoặc x = - 6
+) x2 + 7x + 11 = - 5
⇔ x2 + 7x + 16 = 0
Ta thấy : x2 + 2.\(\dfrac{7}{2}x+\dfrac{49}{4}+16-\dfrac{49}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{7}{x}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{4}>0\)
⇒ Phương trình vô nghiệm
KL.......
b) ( 4x + 1)( 12x - 1)( 3x + 2)( x + 1) = 4
⇔ 3( 4x + 1)( 12x - 1)4( 3x + 2)12( x + 1) = 4.4.3.12
⇔ ( 12x + 3)( 12x - 1)( 12x + 8)( 12x + 12) = 576
⇔ ( 144x2 + 132x + 24)( 144x2 + + 132x - 12) = 576
Đặt : 144x2 + 132x + 24 = t , ta có :
t( t - 36) = 576
⇔ t2 - 36t - 576 = 0
⇔ t2 + 12t - 48t - 576 = 0
⇔ t( t + 12) - 48( t + 12) = 0
⇔ ( t + 12)( t - 48) = 0
Đến đây dễ rùi , bạn tự giải ra nhé.