* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
THE DIGITAL DIVIDE
Information technology is influencing the way many of us live and work today. We use the Internet to look and apply for jobs, shop, conduct research, make airline reservations, and explore areas of interest. We use e-mail and the Internet to communicate instantaneously with friends and business associates around the world. Computers are commonplace in homes and the workplace.
Although the number of Internet users is growing exponentially each year, most of the world’s population does not have access to computers or the Internet. Only 6 percent of the population in developing countries are connected to telephones. Although more than 94 percent of U.S. households have a telephone, only 42 percent have personal computers at home and 26 percent have Internet access. The lack of what most of us would consider a basic communications necessity -the telephone -does not occur just in developing nations. On some Native American reservations only 60 percent of the residents have a telephone. The move to wireless connections may eliminate the need for telephone lines, but it does not remove the barrier to equipment costs.
Who has Internet access? Fifty percent of the children in urban households with an income over $75,000 have Internet access, compared with 2 percent ofthe children in low-income, rural households. Nearly half of college-educated people have Internet access, compared to 6 percent of those with only some high school education. Forty percent of households with two parents have access; 15 percent of female, single-parent households do. Thirty percent of white households, 11 percent of black households, and 13 percent of Hispanic households have access. Teens and children are the two fastest-growing segments of Internet users. The digital divide between the populations who have access to the Internet and information technology tools is based on income, race, education, household type, and geographic location. Only 16 percent of the rural poor, rural and central city minorities, young householders, and single parent female households are connected.
Another problem that exacerbates these disparities is that African-Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans hold few of the jobs in information technology. Women hold about 20 percent of these jobs and are receiving fewer than 30 percent of the computer science degrees. The result is that women and members of the most oppressed ethnic groups are not eligible for the jobs with the highest salaries at graduation. Baccalaureate candidates with degrees in computer science were offered the highest salaries of all new college graduates in 1998 at $44,949.
Do similar disparities exist in schools? More than 90 percent of all schools in the country are wired with at least one Internet connection. The number of classrooms with Internet connections differs by the income level of students. Using the percentage of students who are eligible for free lunches at a school to determine income level, we see that nearly twice as many of the schools with more affluent students have wired classrooms as those with high concentrations of low-income students.
Access to computers and the Internet will be important in reducing disparities between groups. It will require greater equality across diverse groups whose members develop knowledge and skills in computer and information technologies. If computers and the Internet are to be used to promote equality, they will have to become accessible to populations that cannot currently afford the equipment which needs to be updated every three years or so. However, access alone is not enough. Students will have to be interacting with the technology in authentic settings. As technology becomes a tool for learning in almost all courses taken by students, it will be seen as a means to an end rather than an end in itself. If it is used in culturally relevant ways, all students can benefit from its power.
Which of the sentences below best expresses the information in the statement “Although the number .................. or the Internet.” in the paragraph 2?
A. The number of computers that can make the Internet available to most of the people in the world is not increasing fast enough.
B. The Internet is available to most of the people in the world, even though they don't have their own computer terminals.
C. Most of the people in the world use the Internet now because the number of computers has been increasing every year.
D. The number of people who use computers and the Internet is increasing every year, but most people in the world still do not have connections.
LÀM VÀ GIẢI THÍCH GIÚP MÌNH VỚI.
15. For years, tablets have enriched our lives at work and at home, allowing us to stay ____ and access information with ease.
A. connecting B. connected C. connect D. connection
16. Viet Nam has abundant mineral water sources, ____ throughout the country.
A. be found B. finding C. find D. found
17. Some private companies in China try to avoid employing women of child bearing ____ and sometimes sack them once they are going to have a baby.
A. years B. time C. old D. age
18. The ____ mangrove forest is home to a variety of wildlife. A. flooded B. flood C. flooding D. floods
19. Saudi Arabia is the last country to allow women to vote, and this is a first step in the long ____ of the gender equality.
A. struggle B. way C. distance D. direction
20. In addition, Hawaii is home to some magnificent botanical gardens, opportunities for animal ____ education, and cultural engagement.
A. conservationist B. conserve
C. conservation D.conservational
21. Computer games ____ encourage players to move up levels and earn high scores may help develop mathematical skills.
A. they B. those C. which D. whose
22. All forms of discrimination against all women and girls ____ immediately everywhere.
A. must be allowed B. must be followed
C. must be taken away D. must be ended
23. A major issue for teachers ____ allow students to use their own devices is how to provide online access to such devices. A. who B. those C. they D. ones
24. A common reason that someone ____ more for similar work is because of his or her experience or “length of service”.
A. can be paid B. must be paid
C. may be paid D. should not be paid
25. The examination papers ____ by machine. The students ____ of their results next week.
A. should be scored - are told B. will score - will be said C. can be scored - can be told D. are scored - will be informed
26. In New York State, you can sleep green by staying at one of the hotels, committing to ____ practices.
A. environmentally friendly B. friendly environmentally C.
environment friendly D. environmental friendly
27. When is that letter ____?
A. be sent B. to sent C. going to be sent D. going to