cho S = 21+22+23+...........2100
chứng tỏ số đó chia hết cho 5
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\(A=2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2\left(1+2^1+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2^1+2^2\right)...+2^{2014}\left(1+2^1+2^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2.7+2^4.7...+2^{2014}.7\)
\(\Rightarrow A=7\left(2+2^4...+2^{2014}\right)⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(A=2^0+2^1+2^2+...+2^{59}\)
\(=2^0\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^3\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{57}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=2^0.7+2^3.7+...+2^{57}.7\)
\(=7\left(2^0+2^3+...+2^{57}\right)⋮7\)
a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹
= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)
= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)
= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13
= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13
Vậy P ⋮ 13
b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰
= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)
= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)
= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21
= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21
Vậy B ⋮ 21
c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸
= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)
= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)
= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21
= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21
Vậy A ⋮ 21
e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1
= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)
= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105
= 11⁵.16105 + 16105
= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)
= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
\(S=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{95}+2^{96}\right)\\ S=\left(1+2\right)\left(2+2^3+...+2^{95}\right)\\ S=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{95}\right)⋮3\left(1\right)\\ S=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^3\left(1+2^2+...+2^{93}\right)\\ S=8+8\left(1+2^2+...+2^{93}\right)⋮8\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow S⋮24\)
\(S=1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2011}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^3\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{2009}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=7+2^3.7+...+2^{2009}.7\)
\(\Rightarrow S=7\left(1+2^3+...+2^{2009}\right)⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
vì tổng của S chia hết cho 3 nên S chia hết cho 3. có thế cũng hỏi =))
Chúc bạn an toàn
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{99}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{99}\right)⋮3\)
\(S=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{59}\)
\(S=\left(1+2\right)+\left(2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{59}\right)\)
\(S=3+2^2\cdot3+...+2^{58}\cdot3\)
\(S=3\cdot\left(1+2^2+...+2^{58}\right)\)
S chia hết cho 3
_____
\(S=1+2+2^2+...+2^{59}\)
\(S=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+...+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}\right)\)
\(S=7+7\cdot2^3+...+7\cdot2^{57}\)
\(S=7\cdot\left(1+2^3+...+2^{57}\right)\)
S chia hết cho 7
_____
\(S=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{59}\)
\(S=\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7\right)+...+\left(2^{56}+2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}\right)\)
\(S=15+2^4\cdot15+...+2^{56}\cdot15\)
\(S=15\cdot\left(1+2^4+...+2^{56}\right)\)
S chia hết cho 15
S = 21 + 22 + 23 + ........... + 2100
2S = \(2^2+2^3+2^4+.........+2^{101}\)
2S - S = \(\left(2^2+2^3+2^4+.......+2^{101}\right)-\left(2^1+2^2+2^3+.......+2^{100}\right)\)
\(2S-S=2^2+2^3+2^4+.......+2^{101}-2^1-2^2-2^3-.......-2^{100}\)
S = \(2^{101}-2^1\)
Mà 2101 chia hết cho 5 => S \(⋮\)5
trong câu hỏi tương tự có đấy bạn