CMR: \(\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{3x^2-2x+1}< =\dfrac{12x+4}{3}\left(x>0\right)\)
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a/ \(\left(x+3\right)\left(3\left(x^2+1\right)^2+2\left(x+3\right)^2\right)=5\left(x^2+1\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+1\right)^2+2\left(x+3\right)^3-5\left(x^2+1\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+1\right)^2-3\left(x^2+1\right)^3+2\left(x+3\right)^3-2\left(x^2+1\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2+1\right)^2\left(-x^2+x+2\right)+2\left(-x^2+x+2\right)\left(\left(x+3\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-x^2+x+2\right)\left[3\left(x^2+1\right)^2+2\left(x+3+\dfrac{x^2+1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3\left(x^2+1\right)^2}{4}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+x+2=0\) (phần ngoặc phía sau luôn dương)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(3\left(x^2+2x-1\right)^2-2\left(x^2+3x-1\right)^2+5\left(x^2+3x-1-\left(x^2+2x-1\right)\right)^2=0\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=x^2+2x-1\\b=x^2+3x-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3a^2-2b^2+5\left(b-a\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow8a^2+3b^2-10ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4a-3b\right)\left(2a-b\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4a=3b\\2a=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4\left(x^2+2x-1\right)=3\left(x^2+3x-1\right)\\2\left(x^2+2x-1\right)=x^2+3x-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x-1=0\\x^2+x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ đk: x khác 1; x khác -3
\(\dfrac{3x-1}{x-1}+\dfrac{2x+5}{x+3}+\dfrac{4}{x^2+2x-3}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)+\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)+4=x^2+2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+10x+3+2x^2+3x-5+4=x^2+2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+11x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+2\cdot2x\cdot\dfrac{11}{4}+\dfrac{121}{16}\right)-\dfrac{41}{16}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+\dfrac{11}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{41}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{\sqrt{41}}{4}\\2x+\dfrac{11}{4}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{41}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-11+\sqrt{41}}{8}\\x=\dfrac{-11-\sqrt{41}}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy.........
d/ \(\dfrac{12x+1}{6x-2}-\dfrac{9x-5}{3x+1}=\dfrac{108x-36x^2-9}{4\left(9x^2-1\right)}\)
đk: \(x\ne\pm\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{12x+1}{2\left(3x-1\right)}-\dfrac{9x-5}{3x+1}=\dfrac{108x-36x^2-9}{4\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(12x+1\right)\left(3x+1\right)-4\left(9x-5\right)\left(3x-1\right)=108x-36x^2-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow72x^2+24x+6x+2-108x^2+36x-60x-20-108x+36x^2+9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-102x-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-102x=9\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{34}\)(TM)
Vậy.........
a/ \(\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x+2\right)+\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-2\right)=-24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x+2+x-2\right)=-24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=-24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3+4x^2+2x+24=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3-2x^2+8x+6x^2-6x+24=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x^2-2x+8\right)+3\left(2x^2-2x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-2x+8\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-x+4\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
Ta thấy: \(x^2-x+4=\left(x^2-2x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{15}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{4}>0\)
=> x+ 3 = 0 <=> x= -3
Vậy......
b/ \(2x^3+3x^2+6x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3+x^2+5x+2x^2+x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x^2+x+5\right)+\left(2x^2+x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2+x+5\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
Ta thấy: \(2x^2+x+5=\left(\sqrt{2}x+2\cdot\sqrt{2}x\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}\right)+\dfrac{39}{8}=\left(\sqrt{2}x+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{8}>0\)
=> x + 1 = 0 <=> x = -1
Vậy....
a: =>x^2+4x-4x+1=0
=>x^2+1=0
=>Loại
b: =>2x-6+4=2x+2
=>-2=2(loại)
c: =>2(x+3)-2x-1=1
=>6-1=1
=>5=1(loại)
d =>x+3=0
=>x=-3(loại)
e: =>x^2-3x^2+3x-3x-2=0
=>-2x^2-2=0
=>x^2+1=0
=>Loại
\(1.\dfrac{x-1}{3}-x=\dfrac{2x-4}{4}.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1-3x}{3}=\dfrac{x-2}{2}.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-2x-1}{3}-\dfrac{x-2}{2}=0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-4x-2-3x+6}{6}=0.\Rightarrow-7x+4=0.\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{7}.\)
\(2.\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)=x^2-2x.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)-x\left(x-2\right)=0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1-x\right)=0.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)=0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2.\\x=1.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3.3x^2-4x+1=0.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=0.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1.\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4.\left|2x-4\right|=0.\Leftrightarrow2x-4=0.\Leftrightarrow x=2.\)
\(5.\left|3x+2\right|=4.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=4.\\3x+2=-4.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}.\\x=-2.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(1,\dfrac{x-1}{3}-x=\dfrac{2x-4}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{3}-x=\dfrac{x-2}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)-6x}{6}=\dfrac{3\left(x-2\right)}{6}\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(x-1\right)-6x=3\left(x-2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-2-6x=3x-6\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x-2=3x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-6+4x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow7x-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{7}\)
\(2,\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)=x^2-2x\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x-x+2=x^2-2x\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\right)-\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3,3x^2-4x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2-3x\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4,\left|2x-4\right|=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x=4\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(5,\left|3x+2\right|=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=4\\3x+2=-4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=2\\3x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(6,\left|2x-5\right|=\left|-x+2\right|\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=-x+2\\2x-5=x-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=7\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{3}\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
4, \(\Leftrightarrow4x+4+9\left(2x+1\right)=4x+6\left(x+1\right)+7+12x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow22x+13=22x+13\)vậy pt có vô số nghiệm
5, \(\dfrac{2x}{3}+\dfrac{2x-1}{6}=4-\dfrac{x}{3}\Rightarrow4x+2x-1=24-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x=25\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{25}{8}\)
6, \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}+\dfrac{x-1}{4}=1-\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{3}\Rightarrow6x-6+3x-3=12-8\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-9=20-8x\Leftrightarrow17x=29\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{29}{17}\)
d)\(x^2-y^2+2x-4y-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y+3\right)=7\)
Mà x,y nguyên dương\(\Rightarrow x-y-1< x+y+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=1\\x+y+3=7\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=-7\\x+y+3=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mạn phép ko chép lại đề :
b) \(8\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2+4\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}-x^2-2-\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)=\left(x+4\right)^2\)
⇔ \(8\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2-8\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)=\left(x+4\right)^2\) ( x # 0)
⇔ \(8\left(x^2+2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}-x^2-\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)=\left(x+4\right)^2\)
⇔ ( x + 4)2 = 16
⇔ x2 + 8x + 16 = 16
⇔ x( x + 8) = 0
⇔ x = 0 ( KTM) hoặc : x = - 8 ( TM)
KL.....
Lời giải:
Xét hiệu \(\frac{(x+1)^2}{3x^2-2x+1}-\frac{12x+4}{3}=\frac{-(3x-1)^2(4x+1)}{3(3x^2-2x+1)}\)
Với $x>0$ thì $-(3x-1)^2(4x+1)<0$
$3(3x^2-2x+1)=3[2x^2+(x-1)^2]>0$ với mọi $x>0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{(x+1)^2}{3x^2-2x+1}-\frac{12x+4}{3}=\frac{-(3x-1)^2(4x+1)}{3(3x^2-2x+1)}<0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{(x+1)^2}{3x^2-2x+1}<\frac{12x+4}{3}$
Ta có đpcm.