cho a+b+c=3/2 a,b,c>0 tìm min F=\(\dfrac{a^2}{a+2b^2}\)+\(\dfrac{b^2}{b+2c^2}\)+\(\dfrac{c^2}{c+2a^2}\)
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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(A=\sum \frac{2a}{b^2+2}=\sum (a-\frac{ab^2}{b^2+2})=\sum a-\sum \frac{ab^2}{b^2+2}\)
\(=6-\sum \frac{ab^2}{b^2+2}=6-\sum \frac{ab^2}{\frac{b^2}{2}+\frac{b^2}{2}+2}\)
\(\geq 6-\sum \frac{ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b^4}{2}}}=6-\frac{1}{3}\sum \sqrt[3]{2a^3b^2}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sum \sqrt[3]{2a^3b^2}\leq \sum \frac{2a+ab+ab}{3}=\frac{12+2(ab+bc+ac)}{3}=4+\frac{2}{3}(ab+bc+ac)\)
\(\leq 4+\frac{2}{3}.\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}=12\)
Do đó: $A\geq 6-\frac{1}{3}.12=2$
Vậy $A_{\min}=2$ khi $a=b=c=2$
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
=> bc+ac+ab=0
ta có
\(bc+ac=-ab\)
<=> \(\left(bc+ac\right)^2=a^2b^2\)
<=> \(b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2abc^2=a^2b^2\)
<=> \(b^2c^2+a^2c^2-a^2b^2=-2abc^2\)
tương tự
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2-c^2a^2=-2ab^2c\)
\(c^2a^2+a^2b^2-b^2c^2=-2a^2bc\)
thay vào E ta đc
\(E=\dfrac{-a^2b^2c^2}{2ab^2c}-\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{2abc^2}-\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{2a^2bc}\)
=\(-\dfrac{ac}{2}-\dfrac{ab}{2}-\dfrac{bc}{2}=\dfrac{-\left(ac+ab+bc\right)}{2}=0\) (vì ac+bc+ab=0 cmt)
Hình như sai đề :
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{bc}{abc}+\dfrac{ac}{abc}+\dfrac{ab}{abc}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab+ac+bc}{abc}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+ac+bc=0\) ( do \(a;b;c\ne0\) ) ( 1 )
Từ ( 1 ) \(\Rightarrow ab+bc=-ac\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc\right)^2=\left[-\left(ac\right)\right]^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+2ab^2c=a^2c^2\) ( * )
CMTT , ta được : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2bc^2a=a^2b^2\\c^2a^2+a^2b^2+2a^2cb=b^2c^2\end{matrix}\right.\) ( *' )
Thay ( * ) và ( * ') vào E , ta được :
\(E=\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2-\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+2b^2ac\right)}+\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{b^2c^2+c^2a^2-\left(b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2bc^2a\right)}\)
\(+\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{c^2a^2+a^2b^2-\left(c^2a^2+a^2b^2+2a^2cb\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{-2b^2ac}+\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{-2c^2ab}+\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{-2a^2cb}\)
\(=\dfrac{-ac}{2}+\dfrac{-ab}{2}+\dfrac{-bc}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(ac+ab+bc\right)}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{0}{2}=0\)
Vậy \(E=0\)
Ta có: \(P\le\dfrac{a}{2a+2b+2}+\dfrac{b}{2b+2c+2}+\dfrac{c}{2c+2a+2}\)
Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+1}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+1}+\dfrac{c}{c+a+1}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b+1}-1+\dfrac{b}{b+c+1}-1+\dfrac{c}{c+a+1}-1\le-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b+1}{a+b+1}+\dfrac{c+1}{b+c+1}+\dfrac{a+1}{c+a+1}\ge2\)
Thật vậy, ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(a+c+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(b+1\right)^2}{\left(b+1\right)\left(a+b+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(c+1\right)^2}{\left(c+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c+3\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca+3\left(a+b+c\right)+6}=\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+6\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{ab+bc+ca+3\left(a+b+c\right)+6}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(4\left(a+b+c\right)=a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\le8\)
\(a^2+16-16\ge8a-16\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge8\left(a+b+c\right)-16+\dfrac{8100}{\sqrt{2a+2b+1}+\sqrt{2c+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge8\left(a+b+c\right)-16+\dfrac{48600}{6\sqrt{2a+2b+1}+6\sqrt{2c+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge8\left(a+b+c\right)-16+\dfrac{24300}{a+b+c+10}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge8\left(a+b+c+10+\dfrac{324}{a+b+c+10}\right)+\dfrac{21708}{a+b+c+10}-96\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge16.\sqrt{324}+\dfrac{21708}{18}-96=1398\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(4;0;4\right)\)
\(a+b+c=\sqrt{6063}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{2021}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{2021}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{2021}}=\sqrt{3}\)
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{2021}};\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{2021}};\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{2021}}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=\sqrt{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{2x}{\sqrt{2x^2+1}}+\dfrac{2y}{\sqrt{2y^2+1}}+\dfrac{2z}{\sqrt{2z^2+1}}\)
Ta có đánh giá:
\(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2x^2+1}}\le\dfrac{3\sqrt{15}x+2\sqrt{5}}{25}\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:
\(\left(\sqrt{3}x-1\right)^2\left(9x^2+10\sqrt{3}x+2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(P\le\dfrac{6\sqrt{15}\left(x+y+z\right)+12\sqrt{5}}{25}=\dfrac{6\sqrt{5}}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{a^2b^2}{2a^2+b^2+3a^2b^2}=\dfrac{a^2b^2}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+a^2b^2\right)+2a^2b^2}\le\dfrac{a^2b^2}{2ab+2a^2b+2a^2b^2}=\dfrac{ab}{2\left(1+a+ab\right)}\)
Tương tự và cộng lại;
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ab}{1+a+ab}+\dfrac{bc}{1+b+bc}+\dfrac{ca}{1+c+ca}\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ab}{1+a+ab}+\dfrac{abc}{a+ab+abc}+\dfrac{ab.ca}{ab+abc+ab.ca}\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ab}{1+a+ab}+\dfrac{1}{a+ab+1}+\dfrac{a}{ab+1+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)