Cho hình bình hành ABCD
a) Chứng minh \(2\left( {A{B^2} + B{C^2}} \right) = A{C^2} + B{D^2}\)
b) Cho \(AB = 4,BC = 5,BD = 7.\) Tính AC.
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AT
30 tháng 3 2017
Áp dụng định lí về đường trung tuyến:
OA2 = -
(1)
Thay OA = , AB = a, AD = BC = b và BD = m vào (1) ta có:
\(\left(\dfrac{n}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{b^2+a^2}{2}-\dfrac{m^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{n^2}{4}+\dfrac{m^2}{4}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+n^2=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
22 tháng 2 2021
Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2=4a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-4bc-4ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=4a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-4ac-4bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac-4a^2-4b^2-4c^2+4ab+4bc+4ac=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2a^2-2b^2-2c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\a-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)(đpcm)
NM
Nguyễn Minh Quang
Giáo viên
11 tháng 1 2021
ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\overrightarrow{AC}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BC}\Rightarrow AC^2=AB^2+BC^2+2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}\\\overrightarrow{BD}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AD}\Rightarrow BD^2=BA^2+AD^2+2\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{AD}\end{cases}}\)
mà \(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{AD}=\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AD}=0\)
Do đó \(AC^2+BD^2=2AB^2+2BC^2\Leftrightarrow m^2+n^2=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
22 tháng 10 2016
Trước hết , ta khai triển vế trái , sau đó , nhóm các hạng tử .
\(\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2=a^2c^2+b^2d^2+2abcd+a^2d^2+b^2c^2-2abcd\)
\(=\left(a^2c^2+a^2d^2\right)+\left(b^2c^2+b^2d^2\right)\)
\(=a^2\left(c^2+d^2\right)+b^2\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
Vậy \(\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
20 tháng 4 2017
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\forall a;b;c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Rightarrow}a=b=c}\)
Vậy \(a=b=c\)
15 tháng 6 2017
(ac+bd)^2=\(^{a^2c^2+2abcd+b^2d^2}\)
\(\left(ad-bc\right)^2=a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ac+bd\right)^2-\left(ad-bc\right)^2=a^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2c^2+b^2d^2\) =vp(dpcm)
TM
16 tháng 7 2017
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
<=>\(a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2=4a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-4ac-4bc\)
<=>\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\)\(=4a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-4ac-4bc\)
<=>\(0=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\)
<=>\(\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)=>\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)<=> a-b=b-c=c-a <=> a=b=c
16 tháng 7 2017
vế phải= \(2\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)\)
=\(2\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\right]\)
=\(2\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\)
=>\(\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]-2\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
a) Áp dụng định lí cosin ta có:
\(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}A{C^2} = A{B^2} + B{C^2} - 2.AB.BC.\cos ABC\\B{D^2} = A{B^2} + A{D^2} - 2.AB.AD.\cos BAD\end{array} \right.\)
Mà \(AD = BC;\cos BAD = \cos ({180^ \circ } - ABC) = - \cos ABC\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}A{C^2} = A{B^2} + B{C^2} + 2.AB.BC.\cos BAD\\B{D^2} = A{B^2} + B{C^2} - 2.AB.AD.\cos BAD\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
\( A{C^2} + B{D^2} = 2\left( {A{B^2} + B{C^2}} \right)\)
b) Theo câu a, ta suy ra: \(A{C^2} = 2\left( {A{B^2} + B{C^2}} \right) - B{D^2}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow A{C^2} = 2\left( {{4^2} + {5^2}} \right) - {7^2} = 33\\ \Rightarrow AC = \sqrt {33} \end{array}\)