Cho a>0 và \(a^2-\frac{1}{a^2}=a+\frac{1}{a}.CM:a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}=3.\)
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Đặt \(a-b=x;b-c=y;c-a=z\Rightarrow x+y+z=0\)
Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}=\left|\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right|\) là số hữu tỉ
\(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^4}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
<=> \(5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
=> \(5A-A=\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^5}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\right)\)
=> \(4A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
=> \(20A=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}-\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
=> \(20A-4A=\left(1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}-\frac{99}{5^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}\right)\)
=> \(16A=1+\frac{99}{5^{100}}-\frac{100}{5^{99}}< 1\)
=> \(A< \frac{1}{16}< \frac{1}{6}\)
1) Tìm GTNN :
Ta có : \(\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}=\frac{x^2}{xy+x}+\frac{y^2}{xy+y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy+\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}+1}=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}+1}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
2) Áp dụng BĐT Svacxo ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3+a+b+c}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
2/ Áp dụng bđt Cô- si cho 2 số dương ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{1+b}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{1+b}\frac{1+b}{4}}=a\)
Tương tự ta có \(\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{1+c}{4}\ge b;\frac{c^2}{1+a}+\frac{1+a}{4}\ge c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge a+b+c-\left(\frac{1+b}{4}+\frac{1+c}{4}+\frac{1+a}{4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge3-\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}=3-\frac{1}{4}.3-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
\(\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(\frac{a}{b^2+1}+\frac{c}{a^2+1}+\frac{b}{c^2+1}\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(a-\frac{a}{b^2+1}=\frac{ab^2+a-a}{b^2+1}=\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}\)
\(b^2+1\ge2b\Rightarrow\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}\le\frac{ab^2}{2b}=\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự như vậy , ta có\(a-\frac{a}{b^2+1}+b-\frac{b}{c^2+1}+c-\frac{c}{a^2+1}\le\frac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\)
Dễ c/m được \(ab+cb+ac\le3\Rightarrow a-\frac{a}{b^2+1}+b-\frac{b}{c^2+1}+c-\frac{c}{a^2+1}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy BĐT cần c/m luôn đúng với a+b+c=3 và a,b,c>0
a) \(a^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot a^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\cdot a^{\dfrac{7}{6}}=a^{\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{7}{6}}=a^2\)
b) \(a^{\dfrac{2}{3}}\cdot a^{\dfrac{1}{4}}:a^{\dfrac{1}{6}}=a^{\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}}=a^{\dfrac{3}{4}}\)
c) \(\left(\dfrac{3}{2}a^{-\dfrac{3}{2}}\cdot b^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}\right)\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}a^{\dfrac{1}{2}}b^{\dfrac{2}{3}}\right)=\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(a^{-\dfrac{3}{2}}\cdot a^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\right)\left(b^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}\cdot b^{\dfrac{2}{3}}\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}a^{-1}b^{-\dfrac{1}{3}}\)
Mình xem phép làm câu 1 ạ.
Đề là?
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{2}{b}\)(1)
Chứng minh tương đương
\(\frac{a+b}{2a-b}+\frac{c+b}{2c-b}\ge4\)<=> 12ac - 9bc - 9ab + 6b2 \(\le\)0 ( quy đồng ) (2)
Từ (1) <=> 2ac = ab + bc Thay vào (2) <=> 6ab + 6bc - 9bc - 9ab + 6b2 \(\le\)0
<=> a + c \(\ge\)2b
Từ (1) => \(\frac{2}{b}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{4}{a+c}\)
=> a + c \(\ge\)2b đúng => BĐT ban đầu đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = c = b
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{a^2b}{b^2+1}\ge a-\frac{a^2b}{2b}=a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\frac{b}{c^2+1}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2};\frac{c}{a^2+1}\ge c-\frac{ca}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VT\ge a+b+c-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge3-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
tc \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\left(cauchy\right)\)
\(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=\frac{a+ab^2-ab^2}{1+b^2}=\frac{a\left(1+b^2\right)-ab}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab}{1+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab}{2ab}\ge a-\frac{1}{2}\)(1)
tương tự \(\frac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\frac{1}{2}\)(2)
\(\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\frac{1}{2}\)(3)
từ (1)(2)(3)=> \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge a+b+c-\frac{3}{2}=3-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c=3\right)\)
=> đpcm
Ta có: \(a^2-\frac{1}{a^2}=a+\frac{1}{a}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)=a+\frac{1}{a}\)\(\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{1}{a}=\frac{\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)}{\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)}=1\)
\(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}=\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+2.a.\frac{1}{a}=1^2+2=3\)