\(\frac{a+b+c}{\sqrt{a\left(a+3b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(b+3c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(c+3a\right)}}\ge\) \(\frac{1}{2}\) vòi a,b,c là số dương? giúp mình với ah
- gợi ý: ADBDT: \(\frac{x+y}{2}\ge\sqrt{xy}\)
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Áp dụng BĐT \(\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(VT=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\sqrt{4a\left(a+3b\right)}+\sqrt{4b\left(b+3c\right)}+\sqrt{4c\left(c+3a\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\frac{4a+a+3b}{2}+\frac{4b+b+3c}{2}+\frac{4c+c+3a}{2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{8\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\)thì \(x,y,z>0\)và ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{3xy+zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{x\sqrt{3zx+yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y\sqrt{3xy+zx}}+\frac{z^2}{z\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng phân thức, ta có: \(\frac{x^2}{x\sqrt{3zx+yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y\sqrt{3xy+zx}}+\frac{z^2}{z\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\ge\)\(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\sqrt{3zx+yz}+y\sqrt{3xy+zx}+z\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz, ta có: \(x\sqrt{3zx+yz}+y\sqrt{3xy+zx}+z\sqrt{3yz+xy}\)\(=\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{3zx^2+xyz}+\sqrt{y}.\sqrt{3xy^2+xyz}+\sqrt{y}.\sqrt{3yz^2+xyz}\)\(\le\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[3\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\right]}\)
Ta cần chứng minh \(\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[3\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\right]}\le\frac{2}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^4\ge\frac{9}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[3\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^3\ge\frac{27}{4}\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\)(*)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(y=mid\left\{x,y,z\right\}\)thì khi đó \(\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow y^2+zx\le xy+yz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy^2+zx^2\le x^2y+xyz\Leftrightarrow xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\le\)\(x^2y+yz^2+2xyz=y\left(z+x\right)^2=4y.\frac{z+x}{2}.\frac{z+x}{2}\)
\(\le\frac{4}{27}\left(y+\frac{z+x}{2}+\frac{z+x}{2}\right)^3=\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{27}\)
Như vậy (*) đúng
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
Chắc là a;b;c dương
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)\) và vế trái là P
\(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{z\left(3x+y\right)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{x\left(3y+z\right)}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{y\left(3z+x\right)}}=\frac{x^2}{x\sqrt{3xz+yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y\sqrt{3xy+xz}}+\frac{z^2}{z\sqrt{3yz+xy}}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\sqrt{3xz+yz}+y\sqrt{3xy+xz}+z\sqrt{3yz+xy}}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{Q}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{x\left(3x^2z+xyz\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(3xy^2+xyz\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(3yz^2+xyz\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q^2\le3\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\right)\)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(x=mid\left\{x;y;z\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\le0\Rightarrow x^2+yz\le xy+xz\)
\(\Rightarrow zx^2+yz^2\le xyz+xz^2\Rightarrow xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\le xy^2+2xyz+xz^2\)
\(\Rightarrow xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+xyz\le x\left(y+z\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}.2x\left(y+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\le\frac{4}{27}\left(x+y+z\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow Q^2\le3\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{4}{27}\left(x+y+z\right)^3=\frac{4}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)^4\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\le\frac{2}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\frac{2}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a+b+c}{\sqrt{a\left(a+3b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(b+3c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(c+3a\right)}}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\sqrt{4a\left(a+3b\right)+\sqrt{4b\left(b+3c\right)}+\sqrt{4c\left(c+3a\right)}}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
\(\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\sqrt{4a\left(a+3b\right)}+\sqrt{4b\left(b+3c\right)}+\sqrt{4c\left(c+3a\right)}}\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\frac{4a+a+3b}{2}+\frac{4b+b+3c}{2}+\frac{4c+c+3a}{2}}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Bài 1: diendantoanhoc.net
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\) BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành
\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+2yz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3xy+2xz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3yz+2xy}}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{5x}\cdot\sqrt{3y+2z}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{5y}\cdot\sqrt{3z+2x}}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}\ge2\)\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(\frac{x}{3x+2y+5z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\left(3x+2y+5z\right)+y\left(5x+3y+2z\right)+z\left(2x+5y+3z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+7\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{5\left[x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]}=\frac{3}{5}\)
Bổ sung bài 1:
BĐT được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c
\(\frac{a^2}{\sqrt{3a^2+8b^2+12ab+2ab}}\ge\frac{a^2}{\sqrt{3a^2+9b^2+12ab+a^2+b^2}}=\frac{a^2}{\sqrt{\left(2a+3b\right)^2}}=\frac{a^2}{2a+3b}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{a^2}{2a+3b}+\frac{b^2}{2b+3c}+\frac{c^2}{2c+3a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{5\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{5}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Chứng minh BĐT phụ: \(\frac{m^2}{x}+\frac{n^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(m+n\right)^2}{x+y}\) với \(x;y>0\) (*)
Ta có: \(3a^2+8b^2+14ab\)
\(=\left(3a^2+12ab\right)+\left(2ab+8b^2\right)\)
\(=3a\left(a+4b\right)+2b\left(a+4b\right)\)
\(=\left(3a+2b\right)\left(a+4b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3a^2+8b^2+14ab}=\sqrt{\left(3a+2b\right)\left(a+4b\right)}\le\frac{3a+2b+a+4b}{2}=2a+3b\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{\sqrt{3a^2+8b^2+14ab}}\ge\frac{a^2}{2a+3b}\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{b^2}{\sqrt{3b^2+8c^2+14bc}}\ge\frac{b^2}{2b+3c}\)
\(\frac{c^2}{\sqrt{3c^2+8a^2+14ca}}\ge\frac{c^2}{2c+3a}\)
Áp dụng (*), ta có:
\(VT\ge\frac{a^2}{2a+3b}+\frac{b^2}{2b+3c}+\frac{c^2}{2c+3a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2a+3b+2b+3c+2c+3a}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{5\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{5}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^2}{\sqrt{3a^2+8b^2+14ab}}+\frac{b^2}{\sqrt{3b^2+8c^2+14bc}}+\frac{c^2}{\sqrt{3c^2+8a^2+14ca}}\ge\frac{1}{5}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
dự đoán dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c.
theo AM-GM ta có: \(\sqrt{4a\left(a+3b\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(5a+3b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a\left(a+3b\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(5a+3b\right)\)
thiết lập tương tự với các căn thức còn lại và cộng theo vế ta có:
\(VT\ge\frac{a+b+c}{\frac{1}{4}\left(8a+8b+8c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)(đpcm)