a+b+c=2018 và \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)=\(\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{2018}}\)
S=\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}\)+\(\dfrac{b}{a+c}\)+\(\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
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Vì a + b + c = 2018
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c=2018-a\\c+a=2018-b\\a+b=2018-c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a}{2018-a}+\dfrac{b}{2018-b}+\dfrac{c}{2018-c}\)
\(P+3=\left(\dfrac{a}{2018-a}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{2018-b}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{2018-c}+1\right)=\dfrac{2018}{b+c}+\dfrac{2018}{c+a}+\dfrac{2018}{a+b}=2018\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)=2018.\dfrac{2017}{2018}=2017\Rightarrow P=2014\)
Ta có : \(P=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow3+P=\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{a+c}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{a+b}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3+P=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a +b+c}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow3+P=\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
Mà \(a+b+c=2018;\) \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}=\dfrac{2017}{2018}\) \(\left(a,b\in R\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3+P=2018.\dfrac{2017}{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow3+P=2017\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2014\)
Vậy \(P=2014\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}=0\left(a+b+c=2018\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}+\dfrac{a+b+c-c}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}\right]\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac+bc+c^2+ab}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\times\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-c\\b=-c\\a=-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=2018\\a=2018\\c=2018\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{1}{2018^{2017}}\)
hình như bạn bị sai rồi
a=-c
a=-b
b=-c
=>a=-b=-(-c)=c
mà a=-c =>vô lý
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{bc+ac+bc}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{bc+ac+ab}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+3abc=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+2abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=-b\) hay \(b=-c\) hay \(c=-a\)
-Vậy trong ba số a,b,c tồn tại 2 số đối nhau.
1. Câu hỏi của Cuber Việt ( Câu b í -.- )
2. Quy đồng mẫu số:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a.\left(b+2018\right)}{b.\left(b+2018\right)}=\dfrac{ab+2018a}{b.\left(b+2018\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{a+2018}{b+2018}=\dfrac{\left(a+2018\right).b}{\left(b+2018\right).b}=\dfrac{ab+2018b}{b.\left(b+2018\right)}\)
Vì \(b>0\) \(\Rightarrow\) Mẫu 2 phân số ở trên dương.
So sánh \(ab+2018a\) và \(ab+2018b\):
. Nếu \(a< b\Rightarrow\) Tử số phân số thứ 1 < Tử số phân số thứ 2.
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+2018}{b+2018}\)
. Nếu \(a=b\) \(\Rightarrow\) Hai phân số bằng 1.
. Nếu \(a>b\Rightarrow\) Tử số phân số thứ 1 > Tử số phân số thứ 2.
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+2018}{b+2018}\)
3. \(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{x-3}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow y.\left(x-3\right)=6\)
Ta có: \(6=1.6=2.3=(-1).(-6)=(-2).(-3)\)
Tự lập bảng ...
Vậy ta có những cặp x,y thỏa mãn là:
\(\left(1,7\right);\left(6,2\right);\left(2,4\right);\left(3,3\right);\left(-1,-5\right);\left(-6,0\right);\left(-2,-2\right);\left(-3,-1\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a\left(b+2018\right)}{b\left(b+2018\right)}\\\dfrac{a+2018}{b+2018}=\dfrac{b\left(a+2018\right)}{b\left(b+2018\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{ab+2018a}{b^2+2018b}\\\dfrac{a+2018}{b+2018}=\dfrac{ab+2018b}{b^2+2018b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cần so sánh:
\(ab+2018a\) với \(ab+2018b\)
Cần so sánh \(2018a\) với \(2018b\)
Cần so sánh \(a\) với \(b\)
\(a>b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}>\dfrac{a+2018}{b+2018}\)
\(a< b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+2018}{b+2018}\)
\(a=b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a+2018}{b+2018}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
\(a+b+c=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=2019\) ( vì \(ab+bc+ca=0\))
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\\ A=a^2+b^2+c^2\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\left(\sqrt{2019}\right)^2-2\cdot0=2019\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)
a) Từ (1) ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk+b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\) (3)
Từ (2) và (3) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
b) Từ (1) ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{b^{2018}.k^{2018}+d^{2018}.k^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{k^{2018}\left(b^{2018}+d^{2018}\right)}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=k^{2018}\) (4)
\(\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left(bk+dk\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left[k\left(b+d\right)\right]^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=k^{2018}\) (5)
Từ (4) và (5) suy ra \(\dfrac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}\)
Lời giải:
\((a+b+c)(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c})=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}\)
$\Leftrightarrow 2018.\frac{1}{2018}=\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}+\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}$
$\Leftrightarrow 1=1+1+1+S$
$S=1-1-1-1=-2$