Cho\(x,y\in R\)biết:\(x+\frac{1}{y}\in Z;y+\frac{1}{x}\in Z.CMR:x^2y^2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}\in Z\)
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Đặt a = x + y, b = y + z, c = x + z
Từ đó ta có x = \(\frac{a\:+C-b}{2}\), y = \(\frac{a+b-c}{2}\), z = \(\frac{b+c-a}{2}\)
Thì bất đẳng thức thành
\(\frac{a+c-b}{2b}\)+ \(\frac{b+c-a}{2a}\)+ \(\frac{a+b-c}{2c}\)<= \(\frac{3}{2}\)
<=> (a/b + b/a) + (a/c + c/a) + (b/c + c/b) <= 6 (đúng)
Vậy bất đẳng thức ban đầu là đúng
Ta có:
\(x\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+y\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+z\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2z+x^2y+y^2x+y^2z+z^2x+z^2y+2xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-y\\y=-z\\z=-x\end{cases}}\)
Với \(x=-y\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=1\)
\(\Rightarrow z=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{-x}+\frac{1}{1}=1\)
Tương tự cho các trường hợp còn lại.
\(P=\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{4}{16y}+\frac{16}{16z}\)
Áp dụng Bđt Cauchy-schwarz dạng engel ta có:
\(P\ge\frac{\left(1+2+4\right)^2}{16\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{49}{16}\)
Dấu = khi \(\frac{1}{16x}=\frac{2}{16y}=\frac{4}{16z}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{4}{7}\\y=\frac{2}{7}\\z=\frac{1}{7}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy...
Cách khác không dùng Cauchy Schwarz
Ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{49}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P'=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{16}{z}\ge49\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x}+49x\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}\cdot49}=14\)
\(\frac{4}{y}+49y\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4}{y}\cdot49y}=28\)
\(\frac{16}{z}+49z\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16}{z}\cdot49z}=56\)
\(\Rightarrow P'+49\left(x+y+z\right)\ge98\)
\(\Rightarrow P'\ge49\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=a\\x-z=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow ab=1\)
\(S=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2b^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}\)
\(S=a^2+b^2-2ab+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+2=\left(a-b\right)^2+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+2\)
\(S\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}}+2=4\) (đpcm)
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)=xy+xz+y^2+yz=y\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\)
\(=y.\frac{1}{xyz}+xz=\frac{1}{xz}+xz\ge2\)
Quy đồng full:v
x = y = z = 1\(\rightarrow P=1\). Ta sẽ c/m đó là gtln của P. Thật vậy:
\(P-1=2\Sigma\frac{\left(x-1\right)}{x+2}=2\Sigma\left(\frac{x-1}{x+2}-\frac{1}{3}\left(x-1\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(x-1\right)\right)\)
\(=\Sigma\frac{-2\left(x-1\right)^2}{3\left(x+2\right)}+\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z-3\right)\le0\)
Do đó P \(\le1\). Vậy....
P/s: đúng không ta:3
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y\text{ hoặc }y=-z\text{ hoặc }z=-x\)
\(+\text{Nếu }x=-y\text{ thì }x^8=\left(-y\right)^8=y^8\Rightarrow x^8-y^8=0\Rightarrow M=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(+\text{Nếu }y=-z\text{ thì }y^9=\left(-z\right)^9=-z^9\Rightarrow y^9+z^9=0\Rightarrow M=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(+\text{Nếu }z=-x\text{ thì }z^{10}=\left(-x\right)^{10}=x^{10}\Rightarrow z^{10}-x^{10}=0\Rightarrow M=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\text{Vậy M}=\frac{3}{4}.\)
\(A=\frac{xy+2y+1}{xy+x+y+1}+\frac{yz+2z+1}{yz+y+z+1}+\frac{zx+2x+1}{zx+z+x+1}\)
\(=\frac{y\left(x+1\right)+y+1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{z\left(y+1\right)+z+1}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(z+1\right)+x+1}{\left(z+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\)
\(=\frac{y+1}{y+1}+\frac{z+1}{z+1}+\frac{x+1}{x+1}=3\)