Cho phân số \(\frac{a}{b}\)\(\left(a,b\varepsilon N,b\ne0\right)\)
Giả sử \(\frac{a}{b}\)<\(1\) và \(m\varepsilon N,m\ne0\).Chứng tỏ rằng :
\(\frac{a}{b}\)<\(\frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
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Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}< 1\\ \Rightarrow a< b\\ \Rightarrow am< bm\left(m\in N^{\cdot}\right)\\ \Rightarrow am+ab< bm+ab\\\Rightarrow a\left(b+m\right)< b\left(a+m\right)\\ \Rightarrow\frac{a}{b} < \frac{a+m}{b+m}\)
Ta có : \(P=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\right)+\frac{3}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=> \(P=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\left(\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^3b^3}\right)+\frac{3}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\left(\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2b^2}\right)+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\left(\frac{a+b}{ab}\right)\)
=> \(P=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\left(\frac{a^3+b^3}{1}\right)+\frac{3}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\left(\frac{a^2+b^2}{1}\right)+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\left(\frac{a+b}{1}\right)\)
=> \(P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\)
=> \(P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+2a\right)-6a}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\)
=> \(P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5}-\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
=> \(P=\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{3}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}-\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)
=> \(P=\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{3}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{2a^2+4ab+2b^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}-\frac{a^2+b^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
=> \(P=2-\frac{a^2+b^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=1+\frac{-2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
Bài 1: D
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}\pm1=\frac{c}{d}\pm1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a\pm b}{b}=\frac{c\pm d}{d}\)(đpcm)
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}-\frac{2}{ab}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{a+b}{ab}\right)^2+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}-\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{ab}.\frac{1}{a+b}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{1}{a+b}\right)^2}=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{a+b}\right|\)
1) \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a-c}{b-d}\)
-->\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{b-d}\left(đpcm\right)\)
2) ta có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
đặt a=kb và c=kd
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{kb+b}{kb-b}=\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k-1}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{c+d}{c-d}=\frac{kd+d}{kd-d}=\frac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k-1}\left(2\right)\)
từ (1) và (2) --> \(\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\left(đpcm\right)\)