Cho 7.2g Mg tác dụng vừa đủ với 200g H2SO4 loãng
a) Viết PTHH
b) Tính nồng độ % dung dịch axit đã phản ứng
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a) Na2CO3 + 2CH3COOH --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
b) \(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{25.6\%}{60}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2CH3COOH --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,0125<-----0,025------------>0,025------>0,0125
=> \(m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,0125.106=1,325\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{dd.sau.pư}=1,325+25-0,0125.44=25,775\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{dd.CH_3COONa}=\dfrac{0,025.82}{25,775}.100\%=7,95\%\)
a, \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
b, \(n_{KOH}=0,12.0,4=0,048\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,024\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,024}{0,08}=0,3\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,024\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,024}{0,08+0,12}=0,12\left(M\right)\)
a. PTHH: H2SO4 + 2NaOH ---> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
b. Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{300}.100\%=19,6\%\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=58,8\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH}}{200}.100\%=20\%\)
=> mNaOH = 40(g)
=> \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40}{40}=1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,6}{1}>\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy H2SO4 dư.
=> \(m_{dd_{Na_2SO_4}}=300+40=340\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,5.142=71\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{71}{340}.100\%=20,88\%\)
nCuO=16/80=0,2(mol)
a) PTHH: CuO + H2SO4 -> CuSO4 + H2O
0,2___________0,2_____0,2(mol)
b) mCuSO4=160.0,2=32(g)
c) mH2SO4=0,2.98=19,6(g)
=>C%ddH2SO4= (19,6/100).100=19,6%
a)
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H-2$
b) $n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{Mg} = \dfrac{4,8}{24} = 0,2(mol)$
$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.98}{200}.100\% = 9,8\%$
$n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ A} = 4,8 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 204,4(gam)$
$C\%_{MgSO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.120}{204,4}.100\% = 11,7\%$
c) $V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe2O3 còn dư, tính theo axit
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot400=40\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot160\approx5,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{40}{16+200-5,3}\cdot100\%\approx18,98\%\)
a. \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
b. \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98.100}{200}=14,7\%\)
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