Giải pt:\(\left(\sqrt{4-3\sqrt{10-3x}}+1\right)\left(1++\sqrt{10-3x}\right)=9\)
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NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
22 tháng 10 2019
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le4\)
\(\left(x^2-4x\right)\sqrt{-x^2+4x}+x^2-4x+2=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{-x^2+4x}=a\ge0\)
\(-a^2.a-a^2+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+a^2-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+2a+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a^2+2a+2=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+4x}=1\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+1=0\Rightarrow...\)
b/ \(x^4+2x^2+x\sqrt{2x^2+4}-4=0\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=a\Rightarrow x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=a^2\Rightarrow x^4+2x^2=\frac{a^2}{2}\)
\(\frac{a^2}{2}+a-4=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-8=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=2\left(x>0\right)\\x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=-4\left(x< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^4+4x^2=4\\2x^4+4x^2=16\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=\sqrt{3}-1\\x^2=-\sqrt{3}-1\left(l\right)\\x^2=2\\x^2=-4\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{\sqrt{3}-1}\\x=-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
22 tháng 10 2019
c/ Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{2x^2+3x-10}=a\Rightarrow2x^2+3x=a^3+10\)
\(a^3+10-14=2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-2a-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a^2+2a+2\right)=0\Rightarrow a=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{2x^2+3x-10}=2\Rightarrow2x^2+3x-18=0\Rightarrow...\)
d/ \(\Leftrightarrow2\left(3x^2+x+4\right)+\sqrt[3]{3x^2+x+4}-18=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{3x^2+x+4}=a\)
\(2a^3+a-18=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(2a^2+4a+9\right)=0\Rightarrow a=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{3x^2+x+4}=2\Rightarrow3x^2+x-4=0\Rightarrow...\)
e/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+2-3\sqrt{x^2+5x+2}-2=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+5x+2}=a\ge0\)
\(a^2-3a-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{3+\sqrt{17}}{2}\\a=\frac{3-\sqrt{17}}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+5x+2}=\frac{3+\sqrt{17}}{2}\Rightarrow x^2+5x-\frac{9+3\sqrt{17}}{2}=0\)
Bài cuối xấu quá, chắc nhầm số liệu
BC
0
XO
30 tháng 1 2023
ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^2+2y+2\ge0\\3x+y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có : \(\left(\sqrt{4x^2+3}-2x\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}-y+1\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{4x^2+3}+2x}.\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}+y-1}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x^2+3}+2x\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}+y-1\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x^2+3}+2x\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}+y-1\right)=\left(\sqrt{4x^2+3}-2x\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}-y+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}+\left(y-1\right).\sqrt{4x^2+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}=\left(1-y\right).\sqrt{4x^2+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^2.\left(y^2-2y+4\right)=\left(y^2-2y+1\right).\left(4x^2+3\right)\\2x.\left(1-y\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^2=y^2-2y+1\\2x\left(1-y\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=y-1\\2x=1-y\end{matrix}\right.\\2x\left(1-y\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với 2x = 1 - y
Khi đó ta có \(\sqrt{4x^2+2y+2}-\sqrt{3x+y}=2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}-\sqrt{x+1}=2x+1\) (ĐK : \(x\ge-1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-x+1}-\sqrt{x+1}=2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\sqrt{x^2-x+1}-1\right)=2x+\sqrt{x+1}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+1}=2x+\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\dfrac{2x-2}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}=2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phương trình (1)
<=> \(\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}=2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\)
Xét vế trái : \(\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{4x^2+4x+1}{x^2-x+1}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{5x^2-5x+5-x^2+9x-4}{x^2-x+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5-\dfrac{x^2-9x+4}{x^2-x+1}}< \sqrt{5}\) (2)
Lại có \(2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\)
\(=2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\)
\(\ge2+\dfrac{\left(1+1+1+1+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x+1}+1+4\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}=2+\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{x+1}+1+4\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\approx3,498374325\\x\approx-0,7385661113\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó \(VP\ge3,6\) (3)
Từ (3) và (2) => (1) vô nghiệm
Vậy x = 0 => y = 1
Với 2x = y - 1 kết hợp điều kiện 2x(1 - y) \(\ge0\)
ta được x = 0 ; y = 1
Vậy (x ; y) = (0;1)
Điều kiện \(x\le\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{10-3x}=p\left(p\ge0\right)\) thì pt đã cho \(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{4-3p}+1\right)\left(p+1\right)=9\) \(\left(p\le\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
Nếu \(\sqrt{4-3p}=h\left(h\ge0\right)\) thì \(\left(h+1\right)\left(p+1\right)=9\)
Đồng thời \(h^2+3p=\left(\sqrt{4-3p}\right)^2+3p=4-3p+3p=4\). Do vậy ta có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(h+1\right)\left(p+1\right)=9\\h^2+3p=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(h+1\right)\left(p+1\right)=9\\p=\dfrac{4-h^2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ đó \(\left(h+1\right)\left(\dfrac{4-h^2}{3}+1\right)=9\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(h+1\right).\dfrac{7-h^2}{3}=9\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(h+1\right)\left(7-h^2\right)=27\) \(\Leftrightarrow-h^3+7h+7-h^2=27\) \(\Leftrightarrow h^3+h^2-7h+20=0\) . Giải pt tìm được \(h=-4\) (loại do \(h\ge0\)). Vậy ta pt đã cho vô nghiệm.