Cho \(a,b,c>0\). CMR :
\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge a+b+c\)
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Lời giải:
Ta thấy:
\(\text{VT}=(a+\frac{ca}{a+b})+(b+\frac{ab}{b+c})+(c+\frac{bc}{c+a})\)
\(=\frac{a(a+b+c)}{a+b}+\frac{b(a+b+c)}{b+c}+\frac{c(a+b+c)}{c+a}\)
\(=(a+b+c)\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\geq (a+b+c).\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+ab+b^2+bc+c^2+ac}=\frac{(a+b+c)^3}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\) (theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz)
Có:
$(a+b+c)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2(ab+bc+ac)=a^2+b^2+c^2+2$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c=\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2+2}=\sqrt{t+2}$ với $t=a^2+b^2+c^2$
Do đó:
$\text{VT}\geq \frac{\sqrt{(t+2)^3}}{t+1}$ \(=\sqrt{\frac{(t+2)^3}{(t+1)^2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\((t+2)^3=\left(\frac{t+1}{2}+\frac{t+1}{2}+1\right)^3\geq 27.\frac{(t+1)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}=\sqrt{\frac{(t+2)^3}{(t+1)^2}}\geq \sqrt{\frac{27}{4}}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$
a/Xét hiệu ta có: \(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{b}-a^2-ab=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{b}\right)-a\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{a^2}{b}-2a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
b/Tương tự ở câu a, ta cũng có:
\(\frac{a^3}{b}\ge a^2+ab-b^2\left(1\right),\frac{b^3}{c}\ge b^2+bc-c^2\left(2\right),\frac{c^3}{a}\ge c^2+ca-a^2\left(3\right)\)
Cộng (1),(2) và (3) \(VT\ge a^2+ab-b^2+b^2+bc-c^2+C^2+bc-a^2=ab+bc+ca\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
1.
\(P=\frac{a^4}{abc}+\frac{b^4}{abc}+\frac{c^4}{abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3abc}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a+b+c}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c\)
2.
\(P=\sum\frac{a^2}{ab+2ac+3ad}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4.\frac{3}{8}\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=d\)
\(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3ab}=\frac{2a}{3}-\frac{b}{3}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}\ge\frac{2b}{3}-\frac{c}{3}\) ; \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\ge\frac{2c}{3}-\frac{a}{3}\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(VT\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
1) \(xy\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\)(cô si) ÁP DỤNG BẤT ĐẲNG THỨC TRÊN với a, b,c>0 TA CÓ
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{c+a}\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{4\left(c+a\right)}.\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{4}+\frac{b+c}{4}+\frac{c+a}{4}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}.\)
2) Với a,b,c >0 .XÉT \(\frac{a^2}{b}+b\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b}.b}=2a\)(bất đẳng thức cô si)
\(\frac{b^2}{c}+c\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{c}.c}=2b\)
\(\frac{c^2}{a}+a\ge2\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{a}.a}=2c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b}+b+\frac{b^2}{c}+c+\frac{c^2}{a}+a\ge2a+2b+2c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge a+b+c\)
(đpcm)
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{c+a}\le\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{bc}{2\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{ca}{2\sqrt{ca}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}\le\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
Từ giả thiết:\(ab+bc+ca=3\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2=9-2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta có:\(\frac{a}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b}{2b^2+ca}+\frac{c}{2c^2+ab}\)\(=\frac{1}{\frac{2a^2+bc}{a}}+\frac{1}{\frac{2b^2+ca}{b}}+\frac{1}{\frac{2c^2+ab}{c}}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{2a+\frac{bc}{a}+2b+\frac{ca}{b}+2c+\frac{ab}{c}}=\frac{9}{2a+2b+2c+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}}\)
\(=\frac{9}{2a+2b+2c+\frac{b^2c^2+c^2a^2+a^2b^2}{abc}}=\frac{9}{2a+2b+2c+\frac{9-2abc\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}}\)
\(=\frac{9}{2a+2b+2c+\frac{9}{abc}-2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{\frac{9}{abc}}=abc\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi
\(\frac{2a^2+bc}{a}=\frac{2b^2+ca}{b}=\frac{2c^2+ab}{c}=\frac{2a^2+bc-2b^2-ca}{a-b}=\frac{2\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)}{a-b}\)
\(=2\left(a+b\right)-c\).Tương tự ta có:\(2\left(a+b\right)-c=2\left(b+c\right)-a=2\left(c+a\right)-b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=b+c=c+a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi ta có
\(\hept{1\begin{cases}\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2b\\\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2c\\\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2a\end{cases}}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được
\(2\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Chia 2 bên cho 2 là ra cái cần chứng minh
Thiếu rồi bác alibaba nguyễn
Áp dụng BĐT cô - si ta có :
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}.\frac{bc}{a}}=2\sqrt{b^2}=2b\)
Tương tự CM :
\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2c\)
\(\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2a\)
Nên : \(2\left(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Vậy \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge a+b+c\)