Cho a/b=c/d C/M (a+b)/c+d)2016=a2016+b2016/c2016+d2016
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Câu 1:
\(\frac{a^{2016}+b^{2016}}{c^{2016}+d^{2016}}=\frac{a^{2016}-b^{2016}}{c^{2016}-d^{2016}}\)
\(\Rightarrow (a^{2016}+b^{2016})(c^{2016}-d^{2016})=(a^{2016}-b^{2016})(c^{2016}+d^{2016})\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2(bc)^{2016}=2(ad)^{2016}\Rightarrow (bc)^{2016}=(ad)^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow (\frac{a}{b})^{2016}=(\frac{c}{d})^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\pm \frac{c}{d}\) (đpcm)
Câu 2:
Nếu $a+b+c+d=0$ thì: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=-(c+d)\\ b+c=-(d+a)\\ c+d=-(a+b)\\ d+a=-(b+c)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M=(-1)+(-1)+(-1)+(-1)=-4\)
Nếu $a+b+c+d\neq 0$
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}=\frac{5(a+b+c+d)}{a+b+c+d}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2a+b+c+d=5a\\ a+2b+c+d=5b\\ a+b+2c+d=5c\\ a+b+c+2d=5d\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} b+c+d=3a(1)\\ a+c+d=3b(2)\\ a+b+d=3c(3)\\ a+b+c=3d(4)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow b+a+2(c+d)=3(a+b)\Rightarrow c+d=a+b\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a+b}{c+d}=1\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b+c}{d+a}=\frac{c+d}{a+b}=\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1+1+1+1=4\)
\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}=\frac{b}{c+d+a}=\frac{c}{d+a+b}=\frac{d}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{c+d+a}{b}=\frac{d+a+b}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}+1=\frac{c+d+a}{b}+1=\frac{d+a+b}{c}+1=\frac{a+b+c}{d}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)Thao vào A ta được :
\(A=\frac{a^{2016}}{a^{2016}}+\frac{a^{2016}}{a^{2016}}+\frac{a^{2016}}{a^{2016}}+\frac{a^{2016}}{a^{2016}}=1+1+1+1=4\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\frac{d}{b}=\frac{c}{a}\Leftrightarrow\frac{d^{2016}}{b^{2016}}=\frac{c^{2016}}{a^{2016}}=\frac{c^{2016}-d^{2016}}{a^{2016}-b^{2016}}=\frac{c^{2016}+d^{2016}}{a^{2016}+b^{2016}}\)
(áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
Suy ra \(\frac{a^{2016}+b^{2016}}{a^{2016}-b^{2016}}.\frac{c^{2016}-d^{2016}}{c^{2016}+d^{2016}}=\frac{a^{2016}+b^{2016}}{c^{2016}+d^{2016}}.\frac{c^{2016}-d^{2016}}{a^{2016}-b^{2016}}\)
\(=\frac{b^{2016}}{d^{2016}}.\frac{d^{2016}}{b^{2016}}=1\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^{2016}}{c^{2016}}=\frac{b^{2016}}{d^{2016}}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số = nhau ta có: \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^{2016}}{c^{2016}}=\frac{b^{2016}}{d^{2016}}=\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^{2016}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{a^{2016}}{c^{2016}}=\frac{b^{2016}}{d^{2016}}=\frac{a^{2016}+b^{2016}}{c^{2016}+d^{2016}}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm