Tính nhanh a) A=1+2+4+8+16+8912
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\(A=\frac{1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}}{1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}}\)
Đặt tử số là B, mẫu số là C
\(B=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}\)
\(2B=2+1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}\)
\(2B-B=\left(2+1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(B=2-\frac{1}{16}\)
\(B=\frac{32}{16}-\frac{1}{16}=\frac{31}{16}\)
\(C=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}\)
\(2C=2-1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}\)
\(2C+C=\left(2-1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(3C=2+\frac{1}{16}\)
\(3C=\frac{32}{16}+\frac{1}{16}\)
\(3C=\frac{33}{16}\)
\(C=\frac{33}{16}:3=\frac{11}{16}\)
=> \(A=\frac{B}{C}=\frac{31}{16}:\frac{11}{16}=\frac{31}{16}.\frac{16}{11}=\frac{31}{11}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{64}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{2}A=\dfrac{4}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{64}\right)\)
\(2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{32}\)
\(2A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{32}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{64}\right)\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+..\left(\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{32}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{64}\right)\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{1}{64}\)
\(A=\dfrac{63}{64}\)
Ta có: A =1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16+....+1/256+1/512
=> 2A = 1 + 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ...+ 1/128 + 1/256
=> 2A - A = (1 + 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ...+ 1/128 + 1/256 -(1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16+....+1/256+1/512 )
A = 1 - 1/512 = 511/512
A = 1+2+4+8+...+8192
A = 20 + 21 + 22 + 23 +...+213
2A = 21+22+23+24+...+214
2A - A = 214 - 20
=> A = 214 - 1
\(A=1+2+4+...+8192\)
\(=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{13}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{13}+2^{14}\)
\(2A-A=2^{14}-1\)
\(A=2^{14}-1\)
Vậy A = 214 - 1.
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2^1}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}\)
\(2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}\)
\(2A-A=1-\frac{1}{2^5}\)
\(A=\frac{32}{32}-\frac{1}{32}\)
\(A=\frac{31}{32}\)
ta có a=(4+16)+(2+8)+(1+8912)
=20+10+8913
=30+8913
=8943
vây A=8943
=(2+8)+(4+16)+1+8912
=10 + 20 +1+8912
=8943