vận dụng các hằng đẳng thức để thu gọn các biểu thức sau:
a, (x+y+z).(z-y+z)
c,(x-y-z).(x+y+z)
d,(a+b-c).(b+c-a)
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5 . ( x + 2 ) . ( x - 2 ) - ( 3 . 4x )2 .
= 5( x\(^2\) - 4) - 12x\(^2\) = 5x\(^2\) - 20 - 12x\(^2\) = -7x\(^2\) - 20
2 . ( x - y ) . ( x + y ) + ( x + y )2 + ( x - y )2
= 2( x\(^2\) - y\(^2\)) + ( x\(^2\) + 2xy + y\(^2\)) + ( x\(^2\) - 2xy + y\(^2\))
= 2x\(^2\) - 2y\(^2\) + x\(^2\) + 2xy + y\(^2\) + x\(^2\) - 2xy + y\(^2\)
= 4x\(^2\)
Bài 1:
a: \(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)-3abc}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}\)
=a+b+c
b:
Sửa đề: \(=\dfrac{x^3-y^3+z^3+3xyz}{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^3+z^3+3xy\left(x-y\right)+3xyz}{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-xz+yz+z^2\right)+3xy\left(x-y+z\right)}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy-xz+yz\right)}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-y+z}{2}\)
a) \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca}\)
\(=a+b+c\)
Bài 4:
b: \(=x^2z\left(-1+3-7\right)=-5x^2z=-5\cdot\left(-1\right)^2\cdot\left(-2\right)=10\)
c: \(=xy^2\left(5+0.5-3\right)=2.5xy^2=2.5\cdot2\cdot1^2=5\)
a) \(\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-z\right)=\left(z+x\right)-\left(y+x\right)\)
BL:
Ta có: \(\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=x-y-x+z\)
\(=z+x-y-x\)
\(=\left(z+x\right)-\left(y+x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-z\right)=\left(z+x\right)-\left(y+x\right)\)
b) \(\left(x-y+z\right)-\left(y+z-x\right)-\left(x-y\right)=\left(z-y\right)-\left(z-x\right)\)
BL:
Lại có: \(\left(x-y+z\right)-\left(y+z-x\right)-\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x-y+z-y-z+x-x+y\)
\(=\left(x-y-x+y\right)+\left(z-y\right)-\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(z-y\right)-\left(z-x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(x-y+z\right)-\left(y+z-x\right)-\left(x-y\right)=\left(z-y\right)-\left(z-x\right)\)
c) \(a\left(b+c\right)-b\left(a-c\right)=\left(a+b\right)c\) BL: Ta lại có: \(a\left(b+c\right)-b\left(a-c\right)=\left(a+b\right)c\) \(=ab+ac-ba+bc\) \(=\left(ab-ba\right)+\left(ac+bc\right)\) \(=0+\left(a+b\right)c\) \(=\left(a+b\right)c\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(a\left(b+c\right)-b\left(a-c\right)=\left(a+b\right)c\) \(\rightarrow\) đpcm.
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