cho 7,4g hỗn hợp gồm metan và propilen tác dụng vừa đủ với 500 ml dd Br2 0,2M. tính thành phần phần trăm về khối lượng của mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp ban đầu.
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\(n_{NaOH}=0,4.0,5=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,2.60}{15,2}.100\%\approx78,95\%\\\%m_{C_2H_5OH}\approx21,05\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CH_3COOH}=0,25.1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2CH_3COOH+Zn\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CH_3COOH}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,125.65}{10}.100\%=81,25\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100-81,25=18,75\%\)
a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
FeO + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2O
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
______0,5<-1<------0,5<---0,5
=> mFe = 0,5.56 = 28 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{28}{100}.100\%=28\%\\\%FeO=100\%-28\%=72\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{72}{72}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FeO + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2O
______1---->2
=> mHCl = (1+2).36,5 = 109,5 (g)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{109,5.100}{30}=365\left(g\right)\)
=> \(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{365}{1,15}=317,39\left(ml\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_3H_6}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow28x+42y=14\left(1\right)\)
\(\xrightarrow[]{\text{Bảo toàn liên kết }\pi}n_{C_2H_4}+n_{C_3H_6}=n_{Br_2}\\ \Rightarrow x+y=0,2.2=0,4\left(2\right)\)
`(1),(2)=>x=y=0,2`
`=>` \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2.28}{0,2.\left(28+42\right)}.100\%=40\%\\\%m_{C_3H_6}=100\%-40\%=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{24,79}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(MgO+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2O\)
\(MgCO_3+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+CO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.84}{10,4}.100\%\approx80,77\%\\\%m_{MgO}\approx19,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{10,4-0,1.84}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{MgO}+2n_{MgCO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
Na 2 CO 3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H 2 O + CO 2
n khi = n CO 2 = 0,448/22,4 = 0,02 mol; n HCl = 0,02.2/1 = 0,04 mol
n Na 2 CO 3 = 0,02.1/1 = 0,02 (mol) → m Na 2 CO 3 = 0,02 x 106 = 2,12g
% m Na 2 CO 3 = 2,12/5 . 100% = 42,4%
% m NaCl = 100% - 42,4% = 57,6%