Chứng minh Bất đẳng thức sau:\(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+ab}\)
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Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\\ \ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=9\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge9\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Coi như a, b, c là số dương
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{c}{ba}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{bc}.\dfrac{c}{ba}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{b^2}}=\dfrac{2}{b}\left(1\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ...
\(\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ac}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{bc}.\dfrac{b}{ac}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{c^2}}=\dfrac{2}{c}\left(2\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ...
\(\dfrac{c}{ba}+\dfrac{b}{ac}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{ba}+\dfrac{b}{ac}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}}=\dfrac{2}{a}\left(3\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ...
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{c}{ba}+\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ac}+\dfrac{c}{ba}+\dfrac{b}{ac}\ge\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\\ \Rightarrow2\left(\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ac}+\dfrac{c}{ba}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ac}+\dfrac{c}{ba}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ...
Vậy ...
Biến đổi tương đương:
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng
Lời giải:
Tổng trên gồm \([2n-(n+1)]:1+1=n\)\([2n-(n+1)]:1+1=n\)
số hạng
Mỗi số hạng đứng trước \(\frac{1}{2n}\) đều lớn hơn hoặc bằng nó do \(n+1, n+2,....,2n-1\leq 2n\forall n\in\mathbb{N}^*\) thì \(\frac{1}{n+1}, \frac{1}{n+2},..., \frac{1}{2n-1}\geq \frac{1}{2n}\)
Suy ra:
\(\frac{1}{n+1}+\frac{1}{n+2}+...+\frac{1}{2n}\geq \underbrace{\frac{1}{2n}+\frac{1}{2n}+...+\frac{1}{2n}}_{ \text{n lần}}=\frac{n}{2n}=\frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(n=1\)
Xét hiệu VT - VP
\(\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{ab+b^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{a^2+ab-bc-a^2}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2+bc-ac-b^2}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2+ac-ab-c^2}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
Do a,b,c bình đẳng nên giả sử a\(\ge\)b\(\ge\)c, khi đó \(b\left(a-c\right)\)\(\ge\)0, c(b-a)\(\le\)0, a(c-b)\(\le\)0
\(a^3\ge b^3\ge c^3=>abc+a^3\ge abc+b^3\ge abc+c^3\)=>\(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}\le\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\)
=> VT -VP \(\le\) \(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{ab-ac}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{ac-ab}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}-\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
mà \(\dfrac{1}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\) nên VT-VP <0 đpcm
Lời giải:
Điều kiện: $a,b,c>0$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{a+b}{ab+c^2}=\frac{(a+b)^2}{(ab+c^2)(a+b)}=\frac{(a+b)^2}{a(b^2+c^2)+b(a^2+c^2)}\leq \frac{b^2}{a(b^2+c^2)}+\frac{a^2}{b(a^2+c^2)}\)
\(\frac{b+c}{bc+a^2}=\frac{(b+c)^2}{(b+c)(bc+a^2)}=\frac{(b+c)^2}{c(b^2+a^2)+b(a^2+c^2)}\leq \frac{b^2}{c(a^2+b^2)}+\frac{c^2}{b(a^2+c^2)}\)
\(\frac{c+a}{ca+b^2}=\frac{(c+a)^2}{(c+a)(ac+b^2)}=\frac{(c+a)^2}{c(a^2+b^2)+a(b^2+c^2)}\leq \frac{c^2}{a(b^2+c^2)}+\frac{a^2}{c(a^2+b^2)}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên:
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{b^2+c^2}{a(b^2+c^2)}+\frac{a^2+c^2}{b(a^2+c^2)}+\frac{b^2+a^2}{c(b^2+a^2)}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$