CMR
\(\frac{1}{3}\)\(+\frac{1}{3^2}...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}< \frac{1}{2}\)
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Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+....+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(3A=1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{3^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(3A+A=4A=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A< 1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\) (1)
Đặt \(B=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(3B=3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(B+3B=4B=3-\frac{1}{3^{98}}< 3\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{3}{4}\) (2)
Từ (2) và (2) => \(4A< B< \frac{3}{4}\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{16}\) (đpcm)
\(A=\frac{7n-1}{4};B=\frac{5n+3}{12}\)
Tìm n để A,B đồng thời là các số nguyên tố
a)
\(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-...-\frac{1}{64}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-...-\frac{1}{2^6}=A\)
2A = 1 - \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-...-\frac{1}{2^5}\)
2A + A = 1 - \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-...-\frac{1}{2^5}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}-...-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
3A = \(1-\frac{1}{2^6}=\frac{2^6-1}{2^6}\)(đpcm)
#)Giải :
Bài 1 :
\(C=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\Leftrightarrow3C=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3C-C=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2C=1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\Leftrightarrow C=\frac{1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}}{2}< \frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow C< \frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 2 :
\(\frac{3}{1^2.2^2}+\frac{5}{2^2.3^2}+\frac{7}{3^2.4^2}+...+\frac{19}{9^2.10^2}=\frac{3}{1.4}+\frac{5}{4.9}+\frac{7}{9.16}+...+\frac{19}{81.100}\)
\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{9}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{16}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{81}-\frac{1}{100}\right)=1-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{99}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{1^2.2^2}+\frac{5}{2^2.3^2}+\frac{7}{3^2.4^2}+...+\frac{19}{9^2.10^2}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{2^2}=\frac{1}{4};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2\cdot3}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{3\cdot4}=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4};.....;\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{99\cdot100}=\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}< \frac{3}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Gọi \(D=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{99^2}+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3};\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4};...;\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{99.100}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(=\frac{99}{100}< \frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow D< \frac{3}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)