Cho 16,6 gam hổn hợp Fe và Al tác dụng vừa đủdung dịch H2SO4đặc nóng thu được 6,4 gam S.a/ Tính khối lượng mổi kim loại trong hỗn hợp.b/ Tính thểtích axit H2SO40,5M đã dùng
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\(a,\) Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Al}=y(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow 56x+27y=22(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,8(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,2(mol)\\ y=0,4(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{22}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\% \end{cases} \)
\(b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=0,4+1,2=1,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6.36,5}{3,7\%}=1578,38\%\)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 0,83 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, nH2SO4 = nH2 = 0,025 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)
2Al+6Hcl->2AlCl3+3H2
x-----------------x--------3\2x
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
y-----------------y------y
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=9,65\\\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,325\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,15 mol, y=0,1 mol
=>m Al=0,15.27=4,05g
=>m Fe=56.0,1=5,6g
b)
=>m AlCl3=0,15.133,5=20,025g
=>m FeCl2=0,1.127=12,7g
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al\\Fe\end{matrix}\right.+HCl->\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl3\\FeCl2\end{matrix}\right.+7,28lH2\)
a,
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=9,65\\3x+2y=0,65\left(bt-e\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mAl=0,15.27=4,05\left(g\right)\\mFe=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b,
Bảo toàn nguyên tố :
nAl = nAlCl3 = 0,15 ( mol )
nFe = nFeCl2 = 0,1 ( mol )
Khối lượng chất tan A :
m = 0,15 . 133,5 + 0,1 . 127 = 32,725(g)
\(a.BTNT\left(H\right):n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,65\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,65}{0,5}=1,3M\\ b.2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,325\\27x+56y=9,65\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=4,05\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
0,4<--0,4<--------------0,4
=> mFe = 0,4.56 = 22,4 (g)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{28,8}.100\%=77,78\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-77,78\%=22,22\%\)
b) \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2.100}{17}=\dfrac{3920}{17}\left(g\right)\)
Đặt :
nAl = a (mol)
nFe = b(mol)
mX = 27a + 56b = 16.6 (g) (1)
2Al + 3H2SO4 => Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Fe + H2SO4 => FeSO4 + H2
mM = 342a + 152b = 64.6 (g) (2)
(1) , (2):
a = 4/55
b = 23/88
%Al = (4/55*27) / 16.6 *100% = 11.83%
%Fe = 100 - 11.83 = 88.17%
nH2 = 3/2a + b = 3/2 * 4/55 + 23/88 = 163/440 (mol)
VH2 = 8.3 (l)
Câu 1:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.91362}{22.4}=0.13mol\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
2b 3b b 3b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+54b=2.58\\a+3b=0.13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.04\\b=0.03\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.04\times24=0.96g\)
\(m_{Al}=0.03\times2\times27=1.62g\)
\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.04+3\times0.03}{0.5}=0.26l\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.136}{22.4}=0.14mol\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b b b b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=4.96\\a+b=0.14\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.09\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.09\times24=2.16g\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.05\times56=2.8g\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.14\times98\times100}{200}=6.86\%\)
Câu 3:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.568}{22.4}=0.07mol\)
\(Ba+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
b b b b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}137a+24b=3.94\\a+b=0.07\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.02\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Ba}=0.02\times137=2.74g\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.05\times24=1.2g\)
\(CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.07}{0.1}=0.7M\)
6,4 gam SO2 chứ nhỉ?:)
M + H2So 4 spk có thể s, h2s, so2