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21 tháng 3 2022

1-B,   2-A,  3-C

21 tháng 3 2022

D -   ability = can do

Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answerThe education system of the 21st century has changed radically with the integration of the technology in every sector. At the same time, the students are more matured than the previous time. Now, in the 21st century education depends on Thinking Skills, Interpersonal Skills, Information Media, Technological Skills as well as Life Skills. Especially, the education of the present time emphasizes on life and career skills. Now there has no...
Đọc tiếp

Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answer

The education system of the 21st century has changed radically with the integration of the technology in every sector. At the same time, the students are more matured than the previous time. Now, in the 21st century education depends on Thinking Skills, Interpersonal Skills, Information Media, Technological Skills as well as Life Skills. Especially, the education of the present time emphasizes on life and career skills. Now there has no value for rote learning. In general, it needs to meet the industry need. To clarify, the teaching will be effective when a student can use the lesson outside of the classroom.

For changing the globalizing world, the role of the teachers is essential to improve the sustainable education. At the same time, inspiring and guiding the students in increasing employability skills with the digital tools is the prerequisite for a teacher. Thus a teacher in the 21st century will be a digital teacher. Teachers are not the facilitator for learning of the students only, and now they are responsible for training the students for increasing employability skills, expanding the mind, growing digital citizenship, critical thinking, and creativity as well as sustainable learning. Thus, the winning of the students is the win of the teachers.

With the passage of time and integration of technology in every sector, the teacher’s role has changed a lot. They need to enrich some skills to develop their students. Otherwise, the students will not get the lesson, and it will increase the rate of educated unemployed in the digital era.

1. What is the topic of the passage?

A. The decline of traditional educational system.       

B. The role of education in the 21st century.     

C. The impact of teachers on student achievement.

D. The changing role of teachers in the 21st century schooling.

2. According to the first passage, technology in the 21st century ………….

A. is making students more matured                            

B. has transformed education        

C. enhances students’ performance                               

D. has changed life and career skills

3. What is “rote learning”?

A. A teaching approach based on practical activities                  

B. An education method that centers on big – picture ideas    

C. A memorization technique based on repetition

D. A collaborative learning approach based on group work

4. According to the passage, the teachers of the 21st century ………….

A. should pay more attention to new digital tools                

B. can take their lessons outside of the classroom    

C. need to find ways to improve digital citizenship skills           

D. must help their students develop employability skills

5. The word “it” in the first paragraph refers to ………

A. rote learning                 B. technology                       

C. education                     D. teaching

6. The phrase “critical thinking” in the second paragraph means ……….

A. A thought without actual study of the fact               

B. a method of solving problems by using your imagination

C. the analysis and evaluation of an issue to form a judgement

D. the ability to think about things that are not actually present

7. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The roles of teachers are evolving due to changes in technology

B. Teachers no longer function as lecturers but as facilitators of learning

C. A  21st century education gives students the skills they need to succeed in their careers

D. If the students aren’t educated, they will be unemployed in the digital era

8. All of the following statements can be inferred from the passage EXPECT ……….

A. vocational education will be more focused

B. teachers are now faced with a lot of challenges

C. students will be better equipped for their future

D. teaching is getting more and more complex and challenging

 

1
9 tháng 4 2022

The education system of the 21st century has changed radically with the integration of the technology in every sector. At the same time, the students are more matured than the previous time. Now, in the 21st century education depends on Thinking Skills, Interpersonal Skills, Information Media, Technological Skills as well as Life Skills. Especially, the education of the present time emphasizes on life and career skills. Now there has no value for rote learning. In general, it needs to meet the industry need. To clarify, the teaching will be effective when a student can use the lesson outside of the classroom.

For changing the globalizing world, the role of the teachers is essential to improve the sustainable education. At the same time, inspiring and guiding the students in increasing employability skills with the digital tools is the prerequisite for a teacher. Thus a teacher in the 21st century will be a digital teacher. Teachers are not the facilitator for learning of the students only, and now they are responsible for training the students for increasing employability skills, expanding the mind, growing digital citizenship, critical thinking, and creativity as well as sustainable learning. Thus, the winning of the students is the win of the teachers.

With the passage of time and integration of technology in every sector, the teacher’s role has changed a lot. They need to enrich some skills to develop their students. Otherwise, the students will not get the lesson, and it will increase the rate of educated unemployed in the digital era.

1. What is the topic of the passage?

A. The decline of traditional educational system.       

B. The role of education in the 21st century.     

C. The impact of teachers on student achievement.

D. The changing role of teachers in the 21st century schooling.

2. According to the first passage, technology in the 21st century ………….

A. is making students more matured                            

B. has transformed education        

C. enhances students’ performance                               

D. has changed life and career skills

3. What is “rote learning”? - học vẹt

A. A teaching approach based on practical activities                  

B. An education method that centers on big – picture ideas    

C. A memorization technique based on repetition

D. A collaborative learning approach based on group work

4. According to the passage, the teachers of the 21st century ………….

A. should pay more attention to new digital tools                

B. can take their lessons outside of the classroom    

C. need to find ways to improve digital citizenship skills           

D. must help their students develop employability skills

5. The word “it” in the first paragraph refers to ………

A. rote learning                 B. technology                       

C. education                     D. teaching

6. The phrase “critical thinking” in the second paragraph means ……….

A. A thought without actual study of the fact               

B. a method of solving problems by using your imagination

C. the analysis and evaluation of an issue to form a judgement

D. the ability to think about things that are not actually present

7. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The roles of teachers are evolving due to changes in technology

B. Teachers no longer function as lecturers but as facilitators of learning

C. A  21st century education gives students the skills they need to succeed in their careers

D. If the students aren’t educated, they will be unemployed in the digital era

8. All of the following statements can be inferred from the passage EXPECT ……….

A. vocational education will be more focused

B. teachers are now faced with a lot of challenges

C. students will be better equipped for their future

D. teaching is getting more and more complex and challenging

9 tháng 4 2022

Hệ thống giáo dục của thế kỷ 21 đã thay đổi hoàn toàn với sự tích hợp của công nghệ trong mọi lĩnh vực. Đồng thời, học sinh cũng trưởng thành hơn thời gian trước. Giờ đây, trong thế kỷ 21 giáo dục phụ thuộc vào Kỹ năng Tư duy, Kỹ năng Giao tiếp liên nhân cách, Truyền thông Thông tin, Kỹ năng Công nghệ cũng như Kỹ năng Sống. Đặc biệt, nền giáo dục thời nay càng chú trọng đến kỹ năng sống và nghề nghiệp. Bây giờ không có giá trị cho việc học vẹt. Nói chung, nó - giáo dục cần phải đáp ứng nhu cầu của ngành. Để làm rõ, việc giảng dạy sẽ hiệu quả khi học sinh có thể sử dụng bài học bên ngoài lớp học.

Để thay đổi thế giới toàn cầu hóa, vai trò của giáo viên là điều cần thiết để cải thiện nền giáo dục bền vững. Đồng thời, truyền cảm hứng và hướng dẫn sinh viên nâng cao kỹ năng làm việc với các công cụ kỹ thuật số là điều kiện tiên quyết đối với một giáo viên. Vì vậy, một giáo viên trong thế kỷ 21 sẽ là một giáo viên kỹ thuật số. Giáo viên không phải là người chỉ tạo điều kiện cho việc học tập của sinh viên, và giờ đây họ có trách nhiệm đào tạo sinh viên để nâng cao kỹ năng làm việc, mở mang đầu óc, phát triển quyền công dân kỹ thuật số, tư duy phản biện và sáng tạo cũng như học tập bền vững. Như vậy, phần thắng của học trò là phần thắng của giáo viên.

Với thời gian trôi qua và sự hội nhập của công nghệ trong mọi lĩnh vực, vai trò của giáo viên đã thay đổi rất nhiều. Họ cần phải làm giàu một số kỹ năng để phát triển học sinh của họ. Nếu không, sinh viên sẽ không tiếp thu được bài học, và nó sẽ làm tăng tỷ lệ thất nghiệp có học trong kỷ nguyên kỹ thuật số.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen. Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.

Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.

Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significant greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.

However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperature were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased.

Most of the helium in the universe was formed ______ 

A. during the first minute of the universe's existence 

B. in a very short time 

C. in interstellar space 

D. before most of the hydrogen

1
8 tháng 4 2019

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Hầu hết helium trong vũ trụ được hình thành ______

   A. trong phút đầu tiên của sự tồn tại của vũ trụ                                B. trong một thời gian rất ngắn

   C. trong không gian giữa các vì sao               D. trước phần lớn hydro

Thông tin: However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperature were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist.

Tạm dịch: Tuy nhiên, khi vũ trụ hình thành chưa đầy một phút, Heli đã không thể tồn tại. Các tính toán cho thấy rằng trước khi nhiệt độ thời gian này là quá cao và các hạt của vật chất đã được di chuyển xung quanh nhiều quá nhanh. Chỉ sau mốc một phút Heli mới thể tồn tại.

Chọn B

Dịch bài đọc:

Các yếu tố ngoài Hydro và Heli tồn tại với số lượng nhỏ đến nỗi chính xác khi nói rằng theo trọng lượng, vũ trụ có phần hơn 25 phần trăm heli tính và phần nào ít hơn 75 phần trăm Hydro.

Các nhà thiên văn đã đo sự dư thừa của Heli khắp thiên hà của chúng ta và các thiên hà khác. Heli đã được tìm thấy trong những ngôi sao tồn tại đã lâu, ở những ngôi sao tương đối mới, trong khí giữa các vì sao, và trong các đối tượng ở xa gọi là chuẩn tinh. Hạt nhân helium cũng đã được tìm thấy là thành phần của các tia vũ trụ chiếu xuống Trái đất (tia vũ trụ không phải là thực sự là một dạng bức xạ, chúng gồm các hạt của nhiều loại khác nhau di chuyển nhanh chóng). Nó dường như không làm khác biệt đi nhiều nơi Heli được tìm thấy. Sự phong phú tương đối của nó dường như không bao giờ thay đổi nhiều. Ở một số nơi, có thể có nhiều hơn một chút; ở những nơi khác, một chút ít, nhưng tỷ lệ Heli trên các hạt nhân Hydro luôn luôn vẫn như nhau.

Helium được tạo ra trong các ngôi sao. Trong thực tế, phản ứng hạt nhân mà chuyển đổi Hydro thành Heli đảm nhiệm hầu hết năng lượng mà các ngôi sao tạo ra. Tuy nhiên, lượng Heli có thể đã được sản xuất theo cách này có thể được tính toán, và hóa ra là không có nhiều hơn một vài phần trăm. Vũ trụ đã không tồn tại đủ lâu để con số này là lớn hơn đáng kể. Do đó, nếu vũ trụ là có phần hơn 25 % Heli bây giờ, thì nó phải có được khoảng 25% Heli tại một thời điểm gần lúc nó hình thành.

Tuy nhiên, khi vũ trụ hình thành chưa đầy một phút, Heli đã không thể tồn tại. Các tính toán cho thấy rằng trước khi nhiệt độ thời gian này là quá cao và các hạt của vật chất đã được di chuyển xung quanh nhiều quá nhanh. Chỉ sau mốc một phút Heli mới thể tồn tại. Đến thời điểm này, vũ trụ đã quá nguội đến nỗi Nơtron và Proton có thể kết hợp vào nhau. Nhưng phản ứng hạt nhân dẫn đến sự hình thành của Heli đã hoàn thiện trong một thời gian tương đối ngắn. Sau khi vũ trụ được hình thành vài phút, việc tạo ra Heli đã không còn hiệu quả.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen. Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.

Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.

Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significant greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.

However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperature were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased.

The word "they" refers to _____

A. particles 

B. cosmic rays 

C. constituents 

D. radiation 

1
25 tháng 11 2017

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Từ "they" dùng để chỉ _____

   A. hạt                          B. tia vũ trụ

   C. thành phần             D. bức xạ

Thông tin: cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds

Tạm dịch: tia vũ trụ không phải là thực sự là một dạng bức xạ, chúng gồm các hạt của nhiều loại khác nhau di chuyển nhanh chóng

Chọn B

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen. Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.

Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.

Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significant greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.

However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperature were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased.

The word "constituents" is closest in meaning to _____ 

A. causes 

B. components 

C. relatives 

D. targets 

1
27 tháng 8 2019

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu, từ vựng

Giải thích:

constituent (n): thành phần

cause (n): nguyên nhân component (n): thành phần

relative (n): họ hàng target (n): mục tiêu

=> constituent = component

Thông tin: Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth

Tạm dịch: Hạt nhân helium cũng đã được tìm thấy là thành phần của các tia vũ trụ chiếu xuống Trái đất

Chọn B

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen. Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.

Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.

Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significant greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.

However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperature were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased.

The word "vary" is closest in meaning to 

A. include 

B. mean 

C. stretch 

D. change 

1
1 tháng 9 2017

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu, từ vựng

Giải thích:

vary (v): thay đổi

include (v): bao gồm                                        mean (v): có nghĩa là

stretch (v): căng ra                                           change (v): thay đổi

=> vary = change

Thông tin: Its relative abundance never seems to vary much.

Tạm dịch: Sự phong phú tương đối của nó dường như không bao giờ thay đổi nhiều.

Chọn D

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen. Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.

Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.

Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significant greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.

However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperature were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased.

According to the passage, helium is ________ 

A. the most prevalent element in quasars 

B. difficult to detect 

C. the oldest element in the universe 

D. the second-most abundant element in the universe

1
4 tháng 6 2017

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Theo đoạn văn, khí heli là ________

   A. nguyên tố phổ biến nhất trong chuẩn tinh B. khó để phát hiện

   C. nguyên tố lâu đời nhất trong vũ trụ           D. nguyên tố phong phú thứ hai trong vũ trụ

Thông tin: The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.

Tạm dịch: Các yếu tố ngoài Hydro và Heli tồn tại với số lượng nhỏ đến nỗi chính xác khi nói rằng theo trọng lượng, vũ trụ có phần hơn 25 phần trăm heli tính và phần nào ít hơn 75 phần trăm Hydro.

Chọn D

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen. Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.

Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.

Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significant greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.

However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperature were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased.

Why does the author mention "cosmic rays"?

A. To explain the abundance of hydrogen in the universe 

B. To explain how the universe began 

C. As an example of an unsolved astronomical puzzle 

D. As part of a list of things containing helium 

1
20 tháng 1 2019

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Tại sao tác giả đề cập đến “các tia vũ trụ”?

   A. Để giải thích sự phong phú của hydro trong vũ trụ                     B. Để giải thích về việc vũ trụ bắt đầu như thế nào

   C. Để lấy ví dụ về câu đố về thiên văn chưa giải quyết                     D. Nó là một phần của danh sách những thứ có chứa khí heli

Thông tin: Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth

Tạm dịch: Hạt nhân helium cũng đã được tìm thấy là thành phần của các tia vũ trụ chiếu xuống Trái đất

Chọn D

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen. Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.

Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.

Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significant greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.

However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperature were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one-minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased.

The creation of helium within stars ______ 

A. produces hydrogen as a by-product 

B. causes helium to be much more abundant in old stars than in young st

C. produces energy 

D. cannot be measured 

1
23 tháng 1 2017

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Việc tạo ra helium trong các ngôi sao ______

   A. sản xuất hydro dưới dạng sản phẩm phụ B. làm cho helium có nhiều ở các ngôi sao tồn tại đã lâu hơn nhiều so với sao mới được hình thành

   C. tạo ra năng lượng   D. không thể đo được

Thông tin: Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce.

Tạm dịch: Helium được tạo ra trong các ngôi sao. Trong thực tế, phản ứng hạt nhân mà chuyển đổi Hydro thành Heli đảm nhiệm hầu hết năng lượng mà các ngôi sao tạo ra.

Chọn C