cmr:1/42+1/62+1/82+...+1/(2n)2<1/4
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Lời giải:
Gọi vế trái là $A$
$2A=\frac{2}{2^2}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{2}{6^2}+...+\frac{2}{2022^2}$
Xét số hạng tổng quát:
$\frac{2}{n^2}$. Ta sẽ cm $\frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{1}{(n-1)n}+\frac{1}{n(n+1)}(*)$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{n+1+n-1}{n(n-1)(n+1)}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{2}{(n-1)(n+1)}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{2}{n^2-1}$ (luôn đúng)
Thay $n=2,4,...., 2022$ vào $(*)$ ta có:
$\frac{2}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}$
$\frac{2}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}$
.......
Suy ra: $2A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{2022.2023}$
$2A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}$
$2A< 1-\frac{1}{2023}< 1$
$\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}$
Đặt A=11⋅2+12⋅3+...+17⋅8A=11⋅2+12⋅3+...+17⋅8
Dễ thấy: B=122+132+...+182B=122+132+...+182<A=11⋅2+12⋅3+...+17⋅8(1)<A=11⋅2+12⋅3+...+17⋅8(1)
Ta có:A=11⋅2+12⋅3+...+17⋅8A=11⋅2+12⋅3+...+17⋅8
=1−12+12−13+...+17−18=1−12+12−13+...+17−18
=1−18<1(2)=1−18<1(2)
Từ (1);(2)(1);(2) ta có: B<A<1⇒B<1
Chứng minh quy nạp
1/(n + 1) + 1/(n + 2) + ... + 1/(2n - 2) + 1/(2n - 1) + 1/(2n) > 13/24 (n ∈ N*)
Với n = 1, ta có : 1/2 + 1/3 + ... + 1/2 > 13/24 (đúng)
Giả sử bất đẳng thức đúng với n = k
Nghĩa là : 1/(k + 1) + 1/(k + 2) + ... + 1/(2k - 2) + 1/(2k - 1) + 1/(2k) > 13/24 (1)
Ta cần chứng minh bất đẳng thức đúng với n = k + 1
Nghĩa là : 1/(k + 2) +1/(k + 3) + ... + 1/(2k) + 1/(2k + 1) + 1/(2k + 2) > 13/24 (2)
<=> [1/(k + 1) + 1/(k + 2) + 1/(k + 3) + ... + 1/(2k)] + 1/(2k + 1) + 1/(2k + 2) - 1/(k + 1) > 13/24
Ta chứng minh : 1/(2k + 1) + 1/(2k + 2) - 1/(k + 1) > 0 (3)
<=> [2(k + 1) + (2k + 1) - 2(2k + 1)] / [2(2k + 1)(k + 1)] > 0
<=>1 / [2(2k + 1)(k + 1)] > 0 (4)
Vì k ∈ N* => [2(2k + 1)(k + 1)] > 0 => (4) đúng => (3) đúng
Cộng (1) và (3) được :
1/(k + 2) +1/(k + 3) + ... + 1/(2k) + 1/(2k + 1) + 1/(2k + 2) > 13/24
mình lớp 5 mong bạn thông cảm
\(S=1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
Mà \(1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}=1+1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(=2-\dfrac{1}{100}< 2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(S< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
Vậy \(S< 2\left(đpcm\right).\)
Câu 1 :
Ta có :
\(S=1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+..........+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
........................
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+.......+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+.....+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 2+\dfrac{1}{100}< 2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 2\rightarrowđpcm\)
Đặt
A= \(\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}=\frac{1}{\left(2.2\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(2.4\right)^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
=\(\frac{1}{2^2}\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}=1-\frac{1}{n}\)
=> \(A=\frac{1}{2^2}\left(1-\frac{1}{n}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1}{n}\right)=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4.n}< \frac{1}{4}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{2n^2}\)
= \(\frac{1}{2^2}.\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
< \(\frac{1}{2^2}.\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{\left(n-\right).n}\right)\)
= \(\frac{1}{4}.\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\right)\)
= \(\frac{1}{4}.\left(1-\frac{1}{n}\right)\)
< \(\frac{1}{4}.1=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{2n^2}< \frac{1}{4}.\left(1-\frac{1}{n}\right)< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{2n^2}< \frac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
1/42+1/62+1/82+...+1/(2n)2
=1/22.22+1/22.32+1/22.42+...+1/22.n2
=1/22.(1/22+1/32+1/42+...+1/n2)<1/22.(1/1.2+1/2.3+1/3.4+...+1/(n-1).n)
<1/4.(1-1/2+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+...+1/n-1-1/n)
<1/4.(1-1/n)<1/4
1/42+1/62+1/82+...+1/(2n)2
=1/22.22+1/22.32+1/22.42+...+1/22.n2
=1/22.(1/22+1/32+1/42+...+1/n2)<1/22.(1/1.2+1/2.3+1/3.4+...+1/(n-1).n)
<1/4.(1-1/2+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+...+1/n-1-1/n)
<1/4.(1-1/n)<1/4