Chứng minh:
B=1/2+2/2^2+....+100/2^100<2
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Ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}+\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot A=3\cdot\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}+\frac{101}{3^{101}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot A=3\cdot\frac{1}{3}+3\cdot\frac{2}{3^2}+3\cdot\frac{3}{3^3}+...+3\cdot\frac{100}{3^{100}}+3\cdot\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot A=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}+\frac{101}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot A-A=\left(1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}+\frac{101}{3^{100}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}+\frac{101}{3^{101}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}+\frac{101}{3^{100}}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}-\frac{3}{3^3}-...-\frac{100}{3^{100}}-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A=1+\left(\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{2}{3^2}\right)+...+\left(\frac{101}{3^{100}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
Khi đặt \(S=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\) thì ta sẽ có 2 điều:
- Điều 1: Khi đó:
\(2\cdot A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A=S-\frac{101}{3^{101}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot A< S\) ( 1 )
Điều 2: Khi đó:
\(S=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot S=3\cdot\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot S=3\cdot1+3\cdot\frac{1}{3}+3\cdot\frac{1}{3^2}+...+3\cdot\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot S=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot S-S=\left(3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-1-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}-...-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S=3+\left(1-1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S=3+0+0+0+...+0-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S=3-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
Do \(3-\frac{1}{3^{100}}< 3\) nên:
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot S< 3\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{3}{2}\) ( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ), theo tính chất bắc cầu suy ra:
\(2\cdot A< \frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{2}:2\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{2\cdot2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}\) ( đpcm )
Gọi biểu thức phân số đó là A
Ta thấy
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)
......................
\(\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+....+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
Ta có công thức : \(\frac{a}{b.c}=\frac{a}{c-b}.\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Dựa vào công thức trên ta có
\(A< 1.\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1.\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{99}{100}\)
Mà \(\frac{99}{100}< 1\)
\(A< \frac{99}{100}< 1\Rightarrow A< 1\Rightarrow dpcm\)
ủng hộ nha
ta có \(x^2=x.x\le\left(x-1\right)x\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}< \frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)x}\)và\(\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)x}=\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x}\)Vậy ta có \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{100^2}\)<\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{99.100}=\)\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)=1-\(\frac{1}{100}\le1\)
vậy \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{100^2}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
1/22 + 1/32 + 1/42 + ... + 1/1002 nhỏ hơn 1/4+1/2x3+1/3x4+..+1/99x100=1/4+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+..+1/99-1/100=1/4+1/2-1/100=3/4-1/100 nhỏ hơn 3/4
ko đúng thì thôi nhé em
Đặt: \(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(3A=3\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(3A=1+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(3A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(2A=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\)
Đặt:
\(B=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(3B=3+1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(3B-B=\left(4+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)
\(2B=3-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}.2}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}.4}-\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}< \dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta có điều phải chứng minh
1/2!+1/3!+...+1/100!<1/1x2+1/2x3+...+1/99x100
Ta có 1/1x2=1-1/2
1/2x3=1/2-1/3
......
1/99x100=1/99-1/100
=1-1/2+1/2-1/3+...+1/99-1/100
=1-1/100<1
tk mình đi mình nhanh nhất
ta có 1/2!=1/2
1/3!=1/2*3
1/4!<1/3*4
................
1/100!<1/99*100
=>A<1/2+1/2*3+1/3*4+...+1/99*100
=1/1-1/2+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+.....+1/99-1/100
=1/1-1/100
=99/100<1
=>A<1
Ta có :
1002 > 99 . 100
1012 > 100 . 101
..............
2002 > 199. 200
=> A < \(\frac{1}{99.100}+\frac{1}{100.101}+...+\frac{1}{199.200}=\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}+...+\frac{1}{199}-\frac{1}{200}\)
=> A < \(\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{200}< \frac{1}{99}\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có :
A > \(\frac{1}{100.101}+\frac{1}{101.102}+...+\frac{1}{200.201}\)
=> A > \(\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}+\frac{1}{101}-\frac{1}{102}+...+\frac{1}{200}-\frac{1}{201}\)
=> A > \(\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{201}>\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{200}\)
=> A > \(\frac{1}{200}\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\)Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{200}< A< \frac{1}{99}\)
=> ĐPCM
\(2B=2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{2^2}+...+\frac{100}{2^{100}}\right)\)
\(2B=1+1+\frac{3}{2}+...+\frac{100}{2^{99}}\)
\(2B-B=\left(2+\frac{3}{2}+...+\frac{100}{2^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{2^2}+...+\frac{100}{2^{100}}\right)\)
\(B=2-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{2^2}+\frac{100}{2^{100}}<2\)
=>B<2(đpcm)
cái dòng gần cuối cho ngoặc vào nhá