Tìm các số nguyên x thỏa mãn :
\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right).\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\le0\)
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Ta thấy \(2x^2< 4\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2< 2\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2=1\) (do \(x\ne0\))
Thế vào pt đề bài, ta có \(3+\dfrac{y^2}{4}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y^2}{4}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=\pm2\)
Vậy, các cặp số (x; y) thỏa ycbt là \(\left(1;2\right);\left(-1;-2\right);\left(1;-2\right);\left(-1;2\right)\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$\text{VT}(1^2+1^2+1^2)\geq (1+\frac{x}{y+z}+1+\frac{y}{x+z}+1+\frac{z}{x+y})^2$
$\Leftrightarrow 3\text{VT}\geq (3+\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y})^2$
$ = \left[3+\frac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\frac{y^2}{yz+yx}+\frac{z^2}{zy+zx}\right]^2$
$\geq \left[3+\frac{(x+y+z)^2}{2(xy+yz+xz)}\right]^2$
$\geq \left[3+\frac{3(xy+yz+xz)}{2(xy+yz+xz)}\right]^2=\frac{81}{4}$
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{27}{4}$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z>0$
a, \(\dfrac{4\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2-12x}{12}< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-4x^2+4x-1-12x< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-32x+35< 0\Leftrightarrow x>\dfrac{35}{32}\)
b, \(\dfrac{24+12\left(x+1\right)-36+3\left(x-1\right)}{12}< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow-12x+15x+9< 0\Leftrightarrow3x< -9\Leftrightarrow x>-3\)
a) \(\left|3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|+\left|\dfrac{1}{4}y+\dfrac{3}{5}\right|=0\)
Do \(\left|3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|,\left|\dfrac{1}{4}y+\dfrac{3}{5}\right|\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\\dfrac{1}{4}y+\dfrac{3}{5}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{6}\\y=-\dfrac{12}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left|\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{9}\right|+\left|\dfrac{5}{7}y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|\le0\)
Do \(\left|\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{9}\right|,\left|\dfrac{5}{7}y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{9}=0\\\dfrac{5}{7}y-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{27}\\y=\dfrac{7}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Hướng dẫn: đặt \(A=\dfrac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Khi đó \(F-A=x-y+y-z+z-x=0\Rightarrow F=A\)
\(\Rightarrow2F=F+A=\sum\dfrac{x^4+y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{4\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\Rightarrow F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{4}\)
Gợi ý: \(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{3}{4}< =x< =\dfrac{1}{2}\)
hay x=0